Carbon dioxide (CO₂) occurs naturally in the atmosphere as a trace gas, which is produced naturally as well as by anthropogenic activities. CO₂ is a readily available source of carbon that in principle can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of valuable products. The autotrophic organisms are naturally equipped to convert CO₂ into biomass by obtaining energy from sunlight or inorganic electron donors. This autotrophic CO₂ fixation has been exploited in biotechnology, and microbial cell factories have been metabolically engineered to convert CO₂ into biofuels and other value-added bio-based chemicals. A variety of metabolic engineering efforts for CO₂ fixation ranging from basic copy, paste, and fine-tuning approaches to engineering and testing of novel synthetic CO₂ fixing pathways have been demonstrated. In this paper, we review the current advances and innovations in metabolic engineering for bio-conversion of CO₂ into bio biofuels and other value-added bio-based chemicals.

二氧化碳 (CO ₂ ) 以微量气体的形式自然存在于大气中，它既可以自然产生，也可以通过人为活动产生。CO ₂是一种容易获得的碳源，原则上可用作合成有价值产品的原料。自养生物天生具备通过从阳光或无机电子供体中获取能量将 CO ₂转化为生物质的能力。这种自养 CO ₂固定已在生物技术中得到利用，并且微生物细胞工厂已通过代谢工程将 CO ₂转化为生物燃料和其他具有附加值的生物基化学品。CO _{2 的}各种代谢工程努力已经证明了从基本复制、粘贴和微调方法到新型合成 CO ₂固定途径的工程和测试的固定。在本文中，我们回顾了将 CO ₂生物转化为生物燃料和其他增值生物基化学品的代谢工程的当前进展和创新。