Depression is associated with reduced motivation to engage in previously enjoyed activities. In particular, anhedonia has been linked to reduced motivation, though other depressive symptoms may also play a role. The purposes of this systematic review were to 1) examine the relationship between depression and motivation, as operationalized by a willingness to expend effort for rewards, 2) examine the relationship between anhedonia and motivation, and 3) examine potential methodological moderators of these relationships. Forty-three articles met our inclusion criteria for the review. Our review found that individuals with depression and anhedonia demonstrate reduced willingness to expend cognitive and physical effort for rewards, though the effect has been more robustly demonstrated for physical effort expenditure. Task design impacted the strength of these relationships, with stronger effects for tasks that used indices of decision-making and accuracy rather than response time. These findings have clinical implications for behavioral activation, which seeks to improve depressive symptoms by encouraging individuals to increase their activity level. Future research should examine the determinants of motivation in individuals with depression and anhedonia, to ultimately help these individuals become more active and hopefully improve their quality of life as a result.

抑郁症与从事以前喜欢的活动的动机减少有关。特别是，快感缺乏与动机降低有关，尽管其他抑郁症状也可能起作用。本系统评价的目的是 1) 检查抑郁和动机之间的关系，如愿意为奖励而付出努力，2) 检查快感缺失和动机之间的关系，以及 3) 检查这些关系的潜在方法论调节器。43 篇文章符合我们的评价纳入标准。我们的审查发现，患有抑郁症和快感缺乏症的个体表现出为获得奖励而花费认知和体力努力的意愿降低，尽管这种效果在体力消耗方面得到了更强有力的证明。任务设计影响了这些关系的强度，对使用决策和准确性指标而不是响应时间的任务影响更大。这些发现对行为激活具有临床意义，行为激活旨在通过鼓励个体增加活动水平来改善抑郁症状。未来的研究应该检查抑郁症和快感缺乏症个体动机的决定因素，最终帮助这些个体变得更加活跃，并希望因此提高他们的生活质量。它旨在通过鼓励个人增加活动水平来改善抑郁症状。未来的研究应该检查抑郁症和快感缺乏症个体动机的决定因素，最终帮助这些个体变得更加活跃，并希望因此提高他们的生活质量。它旨在通过鼓励个人增加活动水平来改善抑郁症状。未来的研究应该检查抑郁症和快感缺乏症个体动机的决定因素，最终帮助这些个体变得更加活跃，并希望因此提高他们的生活质量。