Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression in most cases. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns of the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. Fertilized eggs of two genotypes: Ross 308 and Green-legged Partridgelike were in ovo stimulated on d 12 of incubation. The injected compounds were as follows: probiotic – Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB477, prebiotic – galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic – combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on d 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances in ovo might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered in ovo. Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.

中文翻译：

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肠道微生物群的早期卵刺激与鸡宿主之间的相互作用——脾脏基因表达和甲基化的变化


基因表达的表观遗传调控是外部环境与 DNA 编码的遗传信息转录之间相互作用的结果。在大多数情况下，基因启动子内的甲基化 CpG 区域会导致基因表达沉默。有助于表观遗传调控的因素包括肠道微生物群，鸡体内的肠道微生物群可以通过卵内刺激进行有效改变。本研究的主要目的是确定宿主-微生物组相互作用影响下脾脏的整体和特定甲基化模式。两种基因型的受精卵：Ross 308 和 Green-legged Partridgelike 在孵化第 12 天进行卵内刺激。注射的化合物如下：益生菌——乳酸乳球菌亚种。 cremoris IBB477、益生元 – 低聚半乳糖和合生元 – 两者的组合。鸡在孵化后第 42 天被处死。收集脾脏，分离RNA和DNA并用于基因表达、基因甲基化和整体甲基化分析。我们已经证明，在卵内施用生物活性物质后基因表达的负调节可能具有表观遗传特征。表观遗传变化取决于基因型和卵内施用的物质。家禽微生物重编程的表观遗传性质以及宿主-微生物组相互作用相关问题的扩展是本研究的一个新方向。