Two chalcedonite artefacts from the Magdalenian site of Ćmielów 95 (Poland), with macroscopic features suggestive of thermal treatment, were subjected to a multi-instrumental analysis. The red upper layer of the objects consists of ”protohematite”, implying temperature-driven, goethite-to-hematite transition. The red layer shows traces of carbonized matter with saccharides and levoglucosan (from burning wood) as well as fatty acids. PXRD data suggest a source of higher temperatures (up to ~800°C) within the bottom layer, with ~200–300°C range ascribed to the red layer. On the basis of the collected data the artefacts are proposed to be relics of cooking stones.

中文翻译：

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来自 Ćmielów 95“Mały Gawroniec”（波兰）的 Magdalenian 遗址的辉石人工制品的热转化

对来自 Ćmielów 95（波兰）的 Magdalenian 遗址的两件具有暗示热处理的宏观特征的辉辉石人工制品进行了多仪器分析。物体的红色上层由“原赤铁矿”组成，暗示温度驱动，针铁矿到赤铁矿的转变。红色层显示含有糖类和左旋葡聚糖（来自燃烧的木材）以及脂肪酸的碳化物质的痕迹。PXRD 数据表明底层内有较高温度（高达~800°C）的来源，~200-300°C 范围归因于红色层。根据收集到的数据，这些人工制品被认为是烹饪石的遗物。