Nanoscale coherent imaging has emerged as an indispensable modality, allowing to surpass the resolution limit given by classical imaging optics. At the same time, attosecond science has experienced enormous progress and has revealed the ultrafast dynamics in complex materials. Combining attosecond temporal resolution of pump-probe experiments with nanometer spatial resolution would allow studying ultrafast dynamics on the smallest spatio-temporal scales but has not been demonstrated yet. To date, the large bandwidth of attosecond pulses poses a major challenge to high-resolution coherent imaging. Here, we present broadband holography-enhanced coherent imaging, which enables the combination of high-resolution coherent imaging with a large spectral bandwidth. By implementing our method at a high harmonic source, we demonstrate a spatial resolution of 34 nm in combination with a spectral bandwidth of 5.5 eV at a central photon energy of 92 eV. The method is single-shot capable and retrieves the spectrum from the measured diffraction pattern.

纳米级相干成像已成为一种不可或缺的方式，可以超越经典成像光学系统给出的分辨率限制。与此同时，阿秒科学取得了巨大进步，揭示了复杂材料中的超快动力学。将泵浦探针实验的阿秒时间分辨率与纳米空间分辨率相结合，可以在最小的时空尺度上研究超快动力学，但尚未得到证实。迄今为止，阿秒脉冲的大带宽对高分辨率相干成像提出了重大挑战。在这里，我们提出了宽带全息增强相干成像，它能够将高分辨率相干成像与大光谱带宽相结合。通过在高谐波源上实施我们的方法，我们展示了 34 nm 的空间分辨率和 5.5 eV 的光谱带宽，以及 92 eV 的中心光子能量。该方法具有单次发射能力，可从测量的衍射图案中检索光谱。