The joint of TZM/graphite with Ti foil as the interlayer was successfully obtained by using gradient sintering process of spark plasma sintering (SPS). The response surface method (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was applied to statistically specify the effects of the bonding temperature (T), bonding pressure (P), holding time (t) and thickness of the interlayer (h) on the shear strength of TZM/graphite joint. The optimum process parameters of T = 1450 °C, P = 17.2 MPa, t = 0.8 h and h = 109 μm were performed to obtain the highest shear strength of 53.6 MPa, which demonstrated the RSM was an excellent tool to implement and tailor the shear strength of the TZM/graphite joint. The excellent shear strength can be ascribed to (βTi, Mo) solid solution crossing each other at the interface, formation of finger-like TiC and little defect in the joint. The stress concentration at the interface between graphite and the TiC layer was evidently larger than that between (βTi, Mo) solid solution and TZM, which led to the occurrence of the shear fracture in the region of TiC phase.

采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）梯度烧结工艺成功获得了以Ti箔为夹层的TZM/石墨接头。应用基于 Box-Behnken 设计的响应面法 (RSM) 统计指定接合温度 (T)、接合压力 (P)、保持时间 (t) 和夹层厚度 (h) 对剪切的影响TZM/石墨接头的强度。执行 T = 1450 °C、P = 17.2 MPa、t = 0.8 h 和 h = 109 μm 的最佳工艺参数以获得 53.6 MPa 的最高剪切强度，这表明 RSM 是实施和定制TZM/石墨接头的剪切强度。优异的剪切强度可归因于（βTi，Mo）固溶体在界面处相互交叉，形成指状TiC，接头缺陷少。