ABSTRACT

Commercial fishing is a high-risk occupation, yet there is a lack of surveillance documenting health conditions, health behaviors, and health care coverage among US fishermen. We used publicly available data sources to identify exposures and health outcomes common among fishermen. We utilized the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health–Worker Health Charts to estimate the prevalence of general exposures, psychosocial exposures, health behaviors, and health conditions from the national surveys National Health Interview Survey – Occupational Health Supplement (NHIS-OHS, 2015) and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (2013–2015). We compared fishing workers with both agricultural workers and all-workers. Fishermen commonly reported general exposures, psychosocial exposures, non-standard work arrangements, frequent night shifts, and shift work. The prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome (33%) and severe low-back pain (27%) was also high. Smoking (45%) and second-hand smoke exposure (25%) were widespread, and 21% reported no health care coverage. National household surveys such as NHIS-OHS, and BRFSS can be utilized to describe the health status of fishermen. This workforce would benefit from increased access to health care and health promotion programs. More comprehensive evaluations of existing data can help to identify occupation-specific health challenges.

摘要

商业捕鱼是一项高风险职业，但缺乏记录美国渔民健康状况、健康行为和医疗保健覆盖率的监测。我们使用公开可用的数据源来确定渔民中常见的暴露和健康结果。我们利用国家职业安全与健康研究所 - 工人健康图表来估计来自全国调查的一般暴露、心理社会暴露、健康行为和健康状况的流行率 全国健康访谈调查 - 职业健康补充 (NHIS-OHS, 2015)和行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) (2013-2015)。我们将渔业工人与农业工人和所有工人进行了比较。渔民通常报告一般暴露、社会心理暴露、非标准工作安排、经常上夜班，轮班工作。腕管综合征（33%）和严重腰痛（27%）等肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率也很高。吸烟（45%）和二手烟暴露（25%）很普遍，21% 的人报告没有医疗保健覆盖。NHIS-OHS 和 BRFSS 等国家住户调查可用于描述渔民的健康状况。这些劳动力将受益于增加获得医疗保健和健康促进计划的机会。对现有数据进行更全面的评估有助于确定特定职业的健康挑战。NHIS-OHS 和 BRFSS 等国家住户调查可用于描述渔民的健康状况。这些劳动力将受益于增加获得医疗保健和健康促进计划的机会。对现有数据进行更全面的评估有助于确定特定职业的健康挑战。NHIS-OHS 和 BRFSS 等国家住户调查可用于描述渔民的健康状况。这些劳动力将受益于增加获得医疗保健和健康促进计划的机会。对现有数据进行更全面的评估有助于确定特定职业的健康挑战。