Bioremediation is an environmentally sound and cost-effective strategy to restore soils contaminated with petroleum oil. In this study, native bio-surfactant-producing bacteria able to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs: anthracene [ANT] or phenanthrene [PHE]) as their sole carbon source were isolated from soil contaminated with weathered petroleum oil (WPO) collected near “La Venta” gas processing complex, in Tabasco, Mexico. Bacteria able to grow in 200 ppm of ANT or PHE and having high bio-surfactant activity were selected. Included were bacteria identified as Sphingobium sp., Bosea sp., Pseudomonas sp., Rhodococcus sp. and Phenylobacterium sp. Different consortia of these bacteria $\pm$ bio-stimulation with glucose, ammonium nitrate, or both, were examined for their capacity to degrade either WPO or fresh crude petroleum oil (FCPO) in soil microcosms. No efficient short term (24 days) degradation of WPO using bio-augmentation and bio-stimulation strategies was possible using two bacterial consortia conformed by combinations of these bacterial isolates. Best results were obtained with a consortium composed of Pseudomonas cloritidismutans and Rhodococcus qingshengii, identified by 16s rRNA sequencing, which led to an 86% reduction of FCPO contaminants in soil microcosms, 90 days after treatment. However, the bioremediation efficiency of this consortium was significantly reduced by moderate salinity levels in the soil. Although promising, these results highlight the adverse effect that weathering and/or salinity may have on the remediation of petroleum oil-contaminated soils.

生物修复是一种对环境无害且具有成本效益的策略，可以恢复被石油污染的土壤。在这项研究中，能够使用多环芳烃（PAHs：蒽 [ANT] 或菲 [PHE]）作为唯一碳源的天然生物表面活性剂产生细菌是从被风化石油 (WPO) 污染的土壤中分离出来的，该土壤收集在“ La Venta”天然气加工综合体，位于墨西哥塔巴斯科州。选择能够在 200 ppm ANT 或 PHE 中生长并具有高生物表面活性剂活性的细菌。包括被鉴定为鞘氨醇菌属、博西菌属、假单胞菌属、红球菌属的细菌。和苯杆菌属。这些细菌的不同财团$\pm$用葡萄糖、硝酸铵或两者进行生物刺激，研究了它们在土壤微观世界中降解 WPO 或新鲜原油 (FCPO) 的能力。使用由这些细菌分离物的组合构成的两个细菌聚生体，不可能使用生物增强和生物刺激策略有效地短期（24 天）降解 WPO。由绿脓杆菌和青生红球菌组成的联合体获得了最佳结果，通过 16s rRNA 测序鉴定，处理后 90 天，土壤微观世界中的 FCPO 污染物减少了 86%。然而，该联合体的生物修复效率因土壤中的中等盐度水平而显着降低。尽管很有希望，但这些结果强调了风化和/或盐度可能对石油污染土壤的修复产生不利影响。