This meta-analysis utilizes 24 papers published between 2012 and 2020 that focus on earnings differences by sexual orientation. The papers cover the period between 1991 and 2018, and countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. The meta-analysis indicates that gay men earned less than heterosexual men. Lesbian women earned more than heterosexual women, while bisexual men earned less than heterosexual men. Bisexual women earned less than heterosexual women. According to the meta-analysis, in data sets after 2010, gay men and bisexual men and women continue to experience earnings penalties, while lesbian women continue to experience earnings premiums. The persistence of earnings penalties for gay men and bisexual men and women in the face of anti-discrimination policies represents a cause for concern and indicates the need for comprehensive legislation and workplace guidelines to guarantee that people receive fair pay and not experience any form of workplace inequality simply because of their sexual orientation.

该元分析利用了 2012 年至 2020 年间发表的 24 篇论文，重点关注性取向的收入差异。这些论文涵盖了 1991 年至 2018 年之间的时期，以及欧洲、北美和澳大利亚的国家。荟萃分析表明，男同性恋者的收入低于异性恋者。女同性恋比异性恋女性挣得更多，而双性恋男性比异性恋男性挣得少。双性恋女性的收入低于异性恋女性。根据荟萃分析，在 2010 年之后的数据集中，男同性恋和双性恋男女继续遭受收入惩罚，而女同性恋继续经历收入溢价。