Aquaponics are food production systems advocated for food security and health. Their sustainability from a nutritional and plant health perspective is, however, a significant challenge. Recirculated aquaculture systems (RAS) form a major part of aquaponic systems, but knowledge about their microbial potential to benefit plant growth and plant health is limited. The current study tested if the diversity and function of microbial communities in two commercial RAS were specific to the fish species used (Tilapia or Clarias) and sampling site (fish tanks and wastewaters), and whether they confer benefits to plants and have in vitro antagonistic potential towards plant pathogens. Microbial diversity and composition was found to be dependent on fish species and sample site. The Tilapia RAS hosted higher bacterial diversity than the Clarias RAS; but the later hosted higher fungal diversity. Both Tilapia and Clarias RAS hosted bacterial and fungal communities that promoted plant growth, inhibited plant pathogens and encouraged biodegradation. The production of extracellular enzymes, related to nutrient availability and pathogen control, by bacterial strains isolated from the Tilapia and Clarias systems, makes them a promising tool in aquaponics and in their system design. This study explored the microbial diversity and potential of the commercial RAS with either Tilapia or Clarias as a tool to benefit the aquaponic system with respect to plant growth promotion and control of plant diseases.

中文翻译：

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两种商业再循环水产养殖系统的比较及其微生物在植物病害抑制中的潜力

鱼菜共生系统是提倡食品安全和健康的食品生产系统。然而，从营养和植物健康的角度来看，它们的可持续性是一项重大挑战。再循环水产养殖系统 (RAS) 是鱼菜共生系统的主要组成部分，但对其有益于植物生长和植物健康的微生物潜力的知识有限。目前的研究测试了两个商业 RAS 中微生物群落的多样性和功能是否特定于所使用的鱼类（罗非鱼或克拉里亚）和采样地点（鱼缸和废水），以及它们是否对植物有益并具有体外拮抗作用对植物病原体的潜力。发现微生物多样性和组成取决于鱼类种类和样本地点。罗非鱼 RAS 比 Clarias RAS 拥有更高的细菌多样性；但后者拥有更高的真菌多样性。罗非鱼和 Clarias RAS 都拥有促进植物生长、抑制植物病原体并促进生物降解的细菌和真菌群落。通过从罗非鱼和克拉里亚斯系统中分离出来的细菌菌株，生产与营养可用性和病原体控制有关的细胞外酶，使它们成为鱼菜共生及其系统设计中很有前景的工具。本研究探索了商业 RAS 的微生物多样性和潜力，其中罗非鱼或克拉里亚斯作为一种工具，在促进植物生长和控制植物病害方面使鱼菜系统受益。通过从罗非鱼和克拉里亚斯系统中分离出来的细菌菌株，生产与营养可用性和病原体控制有关的细胞外酶，使它们成为鱼菜共生及其系统设计中很有前景的工具。本研究探索了商业 RAS 的微生物多样性和潜力，其中罗非鱼或克拉里亚斯作为一种工具，在促进植物生长和控制植物病害方面使鱼菜系统受益。通过从罗非鱼和克拉里亚斯系统中分离出来的细菌菌株，生产与营养可用性和病原体控制有关的细胞外酶，使它们成为鱼菜共生及其系统设计中很有前景的工具。本研究探索了商业 RAS 的微生物多样性和潜力，其中罗非鱼或克拉里亚斯作为一种工具，在促进植物生长和控制植物病害方面使鱼菜系统受益。