The consequences to structures caused by permanent fault displacement have been investigated for dip-slip faulting, but not for the effect of the embedment depth on the interaction between a normal fault rupture and shallow embedded foundation. This study investigated the effect of the embedment depth on the interaction of normal fault rupture and shallow foundation using a numerical model validated with centrifuge experiments. It was found that a gapping interaction mechanism and foundation distress occurred at different foundation positions relative to the fault rupture outcrop for an embedded foundation in comparison with a surface foundation. The extent of this area depended on the combined influences of the foundation position, foundation surcharge, embedment depth, and fault dip angle. The sidewalls of the shallow embedded foundation were observed to act as kinematic constraints and had considerable influence on the rotation, displacement and stressing of the foundations. With regard to the level of rotation and displacement of the embedded foundation, the lateral earth pressure distribution on the footwall sidewall was similar to that of Rankine active earth pressure in a triangular distribution and on the hangingwall sidewall as a parabolic distribution of passive earth pressure. Foundations laid on loose soil exhibited less rotation than those on dense soil because the fault ruptures were absorbed or bifurcated around both sides of the foundation.

对于倾滑断层作用，研究了永久断层位移对结构的影响，但没有研究嵌入深度对正常断层破裂和浅埋地基之间相互作用的影响。本研究使用经离心机实验验证的数值模型研究了嵌入深度对正断层破裂和浅地基相互作用的影响。结果表明，与地表地基相比，嵌入式地基相对于断层破裂露头的不同地基位置会发生间隙相互作用机制和地基应力。该区域的范围取决于地基位置、地基超载、埋藏深度和断层倾角的综合影响。观察到浅埋地基的侧壁作为运动学约束，对地基的旋转、位移和受力有相当大的影响。对于预埋基础的旋转位移水平，下盘侧壁侧向土压力分布与Rankine主动土压力相似，呈三角形分布，上盘侧壁呈抛物线被动土压力分布。由于断层破裂被吸收或围绕地基两侧分叉，松散土上的地基比密土上的地基旋转更少。对于预埋基础的旋转位移水平，下盘侧壁侧向土压力分布与Rankine主动土压力相似，呈三角形分布，上盘侧壁呈抛物线被动土压力分布。由于断层破裂被吸收或围绕地基两侧分叉，松散土上的地基比密土上的地基旋转更少。对于预埋基础的旋转位移水平，下盘侧壁侧向土压力分布与Rankine主动土压力相似，呈三角形分布，上盘侧壁呈抛物线被动土压力分布。由于断层破裂被吸收或围绕地基两侧分叉，松散土上的地基比密土上的地基旋转更少。