Analytical scientists are actually developing sustainable methods for the analysis of environmental samples. In particular, replacing classical, toxic solvents by safer solvents is a principle of green chemistry. For instance, deep eutectic solvents, formed by mixing two or more components by hydrogen bonding, appear promising. Here, we review the use of deep eutectic solvents for liquid–liquid, liquid–solid and combined extractions. We compare the use of deep eutectic solvents with conventional organic solvents for extraction. Overall, deep eutectic solvents showed better extraction efficiency and higher recovery compared to water and conventional organic solvents. In particular, deep eutectic solvents showed about 93–99% efficiency for protein extraction. The extraction efficiency often depends on the physicochemical properties of deep eutectic solvents.

分析科学家实际上正在开发可持续的环境样本分析方法。特别是，用更安全的溶剂代替经典的有毒溶剂是绿色化学的一项原则。例如，通过氢键混合两种或多种成分形成的深共熔溶剂看起来很有前景。在这里，我们回顾了低共熔溶剂在液-液、液-固和联合萃取中的应用。我们比较了使用深共熔溶剂与传统有机溶剂进行萃取。总体而言，与水和传统有机溶剂相比，深共熔溶剂表现出更好的萃取效率和更高的回收率。特别是，深共熔溶剂的蛋白质提取效率约为 93-99%。