The use of thiazide diuretics for the treatment of hypertension in patients with advance chronic kidney disease. Thiazides have been recommended as the first-line for the treatment of hypertension, yet their use has been discouraged in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), as they are suggested to be ineffective in advanced CKD. Recent data suggest that thiazide diuretics may be beneficial blood pressure control in addition to natriuresis in existing CKD. This review discusses the commercially available thiazides with a focus on thiazide pharmacology, most common adverse effects, clinical uses of thiazide diuretic, and the evidence for efficacy of thiazide use in advanced CKD.

使用噻嗪类利尿剂治疗晚期慢性肾病患者的高血压。噻嗪类药物已被推荐作为治疗高血压的一线药物，但不鼓励在晚期慢性肾病 (CKD) 中使用它们，因为它们被认为对晚期 CKD 无效。最近的数据表明，噻嗪类利尿剂除了有助于现有 CKD 的排钠作用外，还可能有益于控制血压。这篇综述讨论了市售的噻嗪类药物，重点是噻嗪类药物的药理学、最常见的不良反应、噻嗪类利尿剂的临床应用，以及噻嗪类药物治疗晚期 CKD 的疗效证据。