This paper identifies experiential processes through which social structures become taken for granted, termed processes of “structure marginalization”. Passive processes of structure marginalization relegate social structures to the margin of experience without the use of higher-order cognitive acts such as evaluation and reflection. Examples include adapting to social structures via routine and habitual practices (material reification), a lack of conscious awareness of the complexity, historical formation, and other details of social structures (ignorance), and rendering social structures irrelevant when they are unreflectively judged to be of no value for achieving ends (nullification). Active processes of structure marginalization reflectively and discursively relegate social structures to marginal consciousness. Examples include the use of naturalistic and necessitarian explanations for the social order that implicitly justify it as inalterable or “just the way things are” (discursive reification), normative justifications for the status quo (legitimation), and conscious awareness of one’s powerlessness to control social-structural conditions (helplessness). Active processes of structure marginalization originate in passive processes. The goal of the typology is to explain, at the level of experience, why social structures typically remain unproblematic and unnoticed in everyday life, even during periods of social crisis and change or when existing structures produce harmful effects.

本文确定了社会结构被视为理所当然的体验过程，称为“结构边缘化”过程。结构边缘化的被动过程将社会结构贬低到经验的边缘，而不使用评估和反思等高阶认知行为。例子包括通过常规和习惯性实践来适应社会结构（物质具体化），对社会结构的复杂性、历史形成和其他细节缺乏有意识的认识（无知），以及在不经反思地判断社会结构为对达到目的没有价值（作废）。积极的结构边缘化的过程以反思性和话语性的方式将社会结构归为边缘意识。例子包括对社会秩序使用自然主义和必然主义的解释，隐含地证明它是不可改变的或“事情就是这样”（话语物化），对现状的规范性辩护（合法化），以及有意识地意识到自己无能为力社会结构条件（无助）。结构边缘化的主动过程起源于被动过程。类型学的目标是在经验层面上解释为什么社会结构通常在日常生活中仍然没有问题和不被注意，即使在社会危机和变革时期或现有结构产生有害影响时也是如此。