Rubber concrete (RC) is a new type of concrete that has been rapidly gaining acceptance in recent years. In this paper, the effects of freeze–thaw cycles in chloride salt solution on the spalling amount (Q_s), relative wave velocity (V_R) and relative compressive strength (σ_R) of ordinary concrete (OC) and RC were investigated using the test method of one-sided freezing with rubber particle size and content as the main investigating factors, and the effect of moisture content of RC on relative compressive strength at low temperature (− 20 °C) was investigated in combination with the air-entraining property of rubber. The comprehensive performance of rubber concrete under the influence of multiple factors (Q_s, V_R, σ_R) was also evaluated with the efficacy factor method. Finally, the internal structural changes of rubber concrete after salt freezing were observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the reasons for the changes in physical and mechanical properties of RC were analyzed from a microscopic perspective. The results show that RC has less spalling, higher relative wave velocity and compressive strength than OC, indicating that rubber can improve the frost resistance of concrete. The content of RC has a significant effect on the freeze–thaw cycle, and the RC with 10% content has a smaller amount of spalling and a higher relative wave velocity and compressive strength. The effect of particle size on RC is not obvious. The spalling amount and relative wave velocity of 3–6 mm particle size is the best, while the relative compressive strength of 1–3 mm particle size is the best. In addition, the smaller the particle size of RC, the higher its moisture content, the greater the impact on its low-temperature compressive strength. The efficiency coefficient of the above indexes shows that the overall performance of concrete with 10% rubber content is better than that of other contents, under this content, the comprehensive performance of 3–6 mm RC is the best. The change of microstructure shows that the internal structure of OC is more porous than that of RC with the increase of freeze–thaw cycles, however, the larger the rubber particle size, the more needle crystals in the pore structure of concrete.

橡胶混凝土（RC）是一种新型混凝土，近年来迅速获得认可。本文研究了氯化物盐溶液中冻融循环对普通混凝土（OC）和RC的剥落量（Q _s）、相对波速（V _R）和相对抗压强度（σ _R）的影响。以橡胶粒径和含量为主要考察因素的单面冷冻试验方法，结合加气法考察了RC含水量对低温（-20℃）相对抗压强度的影响。橡胶的特性。多因素影响下橡胶混凝土综合性能( Q_小号，V _{- [R} ，σ _ř) 还使用功效因子方法进行了评估。最后，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察盐冻后橡胶混凝土的内部结构变化，并从微观角度分析了RC物理力学性能变化的原因。结果表明，RC比OC具有更少的剥落、更高的相对波速和抗压强度，表明橡胶可以提高混凝土的抗冻性。RC的含量对冻融循环有显着影响，10%含量的RC剥落量较小，相对波速和抗压强度较高。粒径对RC的影响不明显。3-6mm粒径的剥落量和相对波速最好，而1-3mm粒径的相对抗压强度最好。此外，RC的粒径越小，其含水量越高，对其低温抗压强度的影响越大。上述指标的效率系数表明，橡胶含量为10%的混凝土的综合性能优于其他含量，在该含量下，3-6 mm RC的综合性能最好。微观结构的变化表明，随着冻融循环次数的增加，OC的内部结构比RC的内部结构更加多孔，但橡胶粒径越大，混凝土孔隙结构中的针状晶体越多。对其低温抗压强度的影响越大。上述指标的效率系数表明，橡胶含量为10%的混凝土的综合性能优于其他含量，在该含量下，3-6 mm RC的综合性能最好。微观结构的变化表明，随着冻融循环次数的增加，OC的内部结构比RC的内部结构更加多孔，但橡胶粒径越大，混凝土孔隙结构中的针状晶体越多。对其低温抗压强度的影响越大。上述指标的效率系数表明，橡胶含量为10%的混凝土的综合性能优于其他含量，在该含量下，3-6 mm RC的综合性能最好。微观结构的变化表明，随着冻融循环次数的增加，OC的内部结构比RC的内部结构更加多孔，但橡胶粒径越大，混凝土孔隙结构中的针状晶体越多。