Wool is a natural biopolymer with special properties, including warmth retention and skin-friendliness. However, its application in the textile industry is limited by the scale layer that covers its surface, which prevents the efficient diffusion of dye into the interior of its fibres, and increases wool's susceptibility to shrinkage during washing. Here, dissolution with sodium bisulphite is used for wool surface modification. The properties of surface dissolved wool are comprehensively characterised, including strength loss, shrinkage rate and dyeability. The three-dimensional images indicated that scale layer was etched. Coupled with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, the test results of strength loss and shrinkage rate indicated that surface dissolution degree can be controlled by time and temperature, and that the process does not break the fibre's main body structure. Dyeability properties, including dye absorption rate, deepness and uniformity at a lower temperature were enhanced, indicating amenability to industrial production. Our findings highlight a novel, efficient method of modifying protein fibre surface for enhancing properties with potential for large-scale application.

中文翻译：

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通过使用亚硫酸氢钠进行可控且简便的表面改性来增强羊毛的染料吸附

羊毛是一种具有特殊性能的天然生物聚合物，包括保暖性和亲肤性。然而，它在纺织工业中的应用受到覆盖其表面的鳞片层的限制，这阻止了染料有效扩散到其纤维内部，并增加了羊毛在洗涤过程中对收缩的敏感性。在这里，用亚硫酸氢钠溶解用于羊毛表面改性。对表面溶解羊毛的性能进行了综合表征，包括强度损失、缩水率和染色性。三维图像表明鳞片层被蚀刻。结合傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱，强度损失和收缩率的测试结果表明，表面溶解程度可以通过时间和温度来控制，并且该过程不会破坏纤维的主体结构。染色性能，包括染料吸收率，在较低温度下的深度和均匀性得到增强，表明适合工业生产。我们的研究结果强调了一种新的、有效的修饰蛋白质纤维表面的方法，以增强具有大规模应用潜力的性能。