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Effects of acute and chronic exposure to semicarbazide on the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
Frontiers in Environmental Science ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-06 , DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2021.682221
Xiuhui Tian , Huanjun Li , Xiuzhen Zhang , Yingjiang Xu , Huawei Zhang , Dianfeng Han , Huan Liu , Bin Wang , Yanmei Cui , Huihui Liu , Quanli Zhou , Xianghong Gong

The effects of acute and chronic exposure to semicarbazide were carried out on the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. A half-maximal lethal concentration of 3.72 g/L of semicarbazide hydrochloride (95% confidence interval 3.43-4.02 g/L) was deduced. At 20%, 4%, and 2% of the half-maximal lethal concentrations, a 28-day exposure induced morphological alterations, oxidative stress, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the respiratory tree, intestinal tract, and longitudinal muscle of A. japonicus. Exposure to 20% of the half-maximal lethal concentration resulted in lesions in the respiratory tree and disintegration in the intestinal tract. Exposure to lower concentration induced a gradual accumulation of lesions in the respiratory tree, intestinal tract, and longitudinal muscle. Levels of markers of oxidative stress and neurotransmission, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and AChE , were increased during the initial days of exposure and then decreased as response capacity reached saturation or was exhausted. The effects were most pronounced in A. japonicus exposed to 4%, followed by 20% and 2% of the half-maximal lethal concentration. At the later stages of the 28-day exposure, marker levels were decreased and close to levels in the control groups. Non-targeted metabolomics indicated that significantly different metabolites were screened out, 28 in the positive ion mode and 38 in the negative ion mode, impairments in neurological function, osmotic pressure regulation, energy metabolism, and protein digestion and absorption following exposure of A. japonicus to semicarbazide.

中文翻译:

氨基脲急慢性暴露对海参刺参的影响

对海参刺参进行了急性和慢性暴露于氨基脲的影响。推导出氨基脲盐酸盐的半数最大致死浓度为 3.72 g/L(95% 置信区间 3.43-4.02 g/L)。在半数最大致死浓度的 20%、4% 和 2% 下,28 天的暴露会在 A. 呼吸树、肠道和纵肌中诱导形态学改变、氧化应激和乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性。粳稻。暴露于半数致死浓度的 20% 会导致呼吸系统受损和肠道分解。暴露于较低浓度会导致呼吸树、肠道和纵向肌肉中的病变逐渐积累。氧化应激和神经传递标志物的水平,包括超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶和 AChE,在暴露的最初几天增加,然后随着反应能力达到饱和或耗尽而减少。在暴露于 4% 的 A. japonicus 中效果最明显,其次是 20% 和 2% 的半最大致死浓度。在 28 天暴露的后期阶段,标记物水平下降并接近对照组的水平。非靶向代谢组学结果表明,暴露于刺参后,筛选出显着不同的代谢物,其中28个为正离子模式,38个为负离子模式,神经功能受损、渗透压调节、能量代谢、蛋白质消化吸收氨基脲。在接触的最初几天增加,然后随着反应能力达到饱和或耗尽而减少。在暴露于 4% 的 A. japonicus 中效果最明显,其次是 20% 和 2% 的半最大致死浓度。在 28 天暴露的后期阶段,标记物水平下降并接近对照组的水平。非靶向代谢组学结果表明,暴露于刺参后,筛选出显着不同的代谢物,其中28个为正离子模式,38个为负离子模式,神经功能受损、渗透压调节、能量代谢、蛋白质消化吸收氨基脲。在接触的最初几天增加,然后随着反应能力达到饱和或耗尽而减少。在暴露于 4% 的 A. japonicus 中效果最明显,其次是 20% 和 2% 的半最大致死浓度。在 28 天暴露的后期阶段,标记物水平下降并接近对照组的水平。非靶向代谢组学结果表明,暴露于刺参后,筛选出显着不同的代谢物,其中28个为正离子模式,38个为负离子模式,神经功能受损、渗透压调节、能量代谢、蛋白质消化吸收氨基脲。其次是半数致死浓度的 20% 和 2%。在 28 天暴露的后期阶段,标记物水平下降并接近对照组的水平。非靶向代谢组学结果表明,暴露于刺参后,筛选出显着不同的代谢物,其中28个为正离子模式,38个为负离子模式,神经功能受损、渗透压调节、能量代谢、蛋白质消化吸收氨基脲。其次是半数致死浓度的 20% 和 2%。在 28 天暴露的后期阶段,标记物水平下降并接近对照组的水平。非靶向代谢组学结果表明,暴露于刺参后,筛选出显着不同的代谢物,其中28个为正离子模式,38个为负离子模式,神经功能受损、渗透压调节、能量代谢、蛋白质消化吸收氨基脲。
更新日期:2021-07-06
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