Stroke is a lethal event with a high incidence in Egypt. Quick early intervention can be lifesaving. Transient global ischemia (TGI), a type of ischemic stroke, is mainly instigated by cardiac arrest. Ischemia followed by reperfusion causes further neuronal cell damage. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of green (GCBE) and roasted (RCBE) coffee bean water extract against transient global ischemia-induced via a bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (CAO) in rats. Before CAO, 1.5 ml/kg body weight/day of GCBE or RCBE was administered for 14 days by oral gavage. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and sham groups were treated with a vehicle. Oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzyme activities, such as MDA, NO, GSH, SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB, and BDNF were investigated. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, in addition to heme oxygenase 1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 were determined. Apoptotic markers, including Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3, in addition to the vascular endothelial growth factor-a, were investigated, followed by an examination of hippocampal histopathology. Pre-administration of GCBE and RCBE improved neurological function and neuronal survival, suppressed the spread of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and reversed most of the pathological changes. However, green coffee bean extract was more effective than roasted coffee bean extract, perhaps due to the roasting process, which may affect active compounds. In conclusion, GCBE and RCBE represent a potential clinical strategy for pre-ischemic conditioning.

中风是埃及高发的致命事件。快速的早期干预可以挽救生命。短暂性全身缺血（TGI）是一种缺血性中风，主要由心脏骤停引起。再灌注后的缺血导致进一步的神经元细胞损伤。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估绿色 (GCBE) 和烘焙 (RCBE) 咖啡豆水提取物对通过双侧颈总动脉闭塞 (CAO) 引起的短暂性全身缺血的潜在凋亡、抗炎和神经保护作用。老鼠。在 CAO 之前，通过口服管饲法给予 1.5 ml/kg 体重/天的 GCBE 或 RCBE，持续 14 天。缺血/再灌注 (I/R) 组和假手术组用载体治疗。氧化应激生物标志物和抗氧化酶活性，如 MDA、NO、GSH、SOD、CAT、GR、GPx、炎症标志物 TNF-α、IL-1β、和 NF-κB 和 BDNF 进行了研究。除了血红素加氧酶 1 和核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2 外，还确定了丝裂原活化蛋白激酶途径的定量实时 PCR 分析。除血管内皮生长因子-a 外，还研究了包括 Bcl-2、Bax 和 caspase 3 在内的凋亡标志物，然后进行了海马组织病理学检查。GCBE 和 RCBE 的预给药改善了神经功能和神经元存活，抑制了氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡的扩散，并逆转了大部分病理变化。然而，生咖啡豆提取物比烘焙咖啡豆提取物更有效，这可能是由于烘焙过程可能会影响活性化合物。综上所述，