ABSTRACT

In response to climate change, farmers implement various adaptation strategies. This study aimed at investigating the factors that determine adaptation choices using multivariate and ordered econometric models. It also examined the complementarity and substitutability of adaptation strategies using primary data collected from 383 smallholder farmers in North-Western Ethiopia. Our findings revealed adoption complimentary but no evidence of substitutability among adaptation strategies. The multivariate probit model estimation showed that household heads education level, gender, farmland soil fertility, access to extension service, credit access, climate information and key assets ownership are the key determinants of adoptions. The likelihood of adoption decreased when average long-term rainfall increased. In terms of the interaction effect between gender and access to credit, the study found that women-headed households with access to credit were more likely to use a higher number of adaptation strategies relative to women-headed households without access to credit. The significant factors for each strategy were different that entails how important it is to consider their unique characteristics in policy design and interventions. As per the finding, policy makers should consider gender-disaggregated interventions. It is also highly imperative to increase information access, basic education and extension service to boost farmers’ adaptation practices.

摘要

为应对气候变化，农民实施了各种适应策略。本研究旨在调查使用多元和有序计量经济模型确定适应选择的因素。它还使用从埃塞俄比亚西北部的 383 名小农收集的原始数据检查了适应战略的互补性和可替代性。我们的研究结果显示，采用是互补的，但没有证据表明适应策略具有可替代性。多元概率模型估计表明，户主受教育程度、性别、农田土壤肥力、推广服务可及性、信贷可及性、气候信息和关键资产所有权是收养的关键决定因素。当平均长期降雨量增加时，采用的可能性降低。在性别与信贷获取之间的交互作用方面，研究发现，相对于无法获得信贷的女性为户主的家庭，能够获得信贷的女性户主家庭更有可能使用更多的适应策略。每种策略的重要因素都不同，这意味着在政策设计和干预中考虑其独特特征的重要性。根据调查结果，政策制定者应考虑按性别分列的干预措施。增加信息获取、基础教育和推广服务以促进农民的适应实践也非常必要。研究发现，与无法获得信贷的女户主家庭相比，获得信贷的女户主家庭更有可能使用更多的适应战略。每种策略的重要因素都不同，这意味着在政策设计和干预中考虑其独特特征的重要性。根据调查结果，政策制定者应考虑按性别分列的干预措施。增加信息获取、基础教育和推广服务以促进农民的适应实践也非常必要。研究发现，与无法获得信贷的女户主家庭相比，获得信贷的女户主家庭更有可能使用更多的适应战略。每种策略的重要因素都不同，这意味着在政策设计和干预中考虑其独特特征的重要性。根据调查结果，政策制定者应考虑按性别分列的干预措施。增加信息获取、基础教育和推广服务以促进农民的适应实践也非常必要。