Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reported as stressors for the bivalves' immune system at different regulatory levels, impacting the detection step and receptors, and other mediators, as well as effector molecules. However, studies on how AgNPs impact the transmission of signals from receptors and whether they have an effect on mediators and transcription factors are still scarce. This study aims to investigate the effect of 12 hours of in vivo exposure to 100 µg/L of AgNPs on the gene expression of the cytosolic adaptor Myeloid, the differentiation protein 88 (MgMyD88-b), and the interferon regulatory factor (Me4-IRF) in the gills and digestive gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis, before and after blocking two major uptake pathways of nanoparticles (clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis). The results illustrate a tissue-specific gene expression of the MgMyD88-b and the Me4-IRF in the gills and digestive gland of M. galloprovincialis. In the gills, AgNPs did not significantly impact the expression of the two genes. However, blocking the caveolae-mediated endocytosis decreased the expression of Me4-IRF. However, inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the digestive gland recorded a significant decrease in the expression of MgMyD88-b. Overall, the inhibition of the AgNPs’ uptake routes have highlighted their potential interference with the immune response through the studied mediators’ genes, which need to be studied further in future investigations.

摘要

据报道，银纳米颗粒 (AgNPs) 在不同的调节水平上是双壳贝类免疫系统的压力源，影响检测步骤和受体，以及其他介质以及效应分子。然而，关于 AgNPs 如何影响受体信号传输以及它们是否对介质和转录因子产生影响的研究仍然很少。本研究旨在研究 12 小时体内暴露于 100 µg/L AgNPs 对细胞溶质接头髓样、分化蛋白 88 (MgMyD88-b) 和干扰素调节因子 (Me4-IRF) 基因表达的影响。 ) 在Mytilus galloprovincialis的鳃和消化腺中，在阻断纳米粒子的两种主要摄取途径（网格蛋白和小窝介导的内吞作用）之前和之后。结果说明了 MgMyD88-b 和 Me4-IRF 在M. galloprovincialis的鳃和消化腺中的组织特异性基因表达。在鳃中，AgNPs 对这两个基因的表达没有显着影响。然而，阻断小窝介导的内吞作用降低了 Me4-IRF 的表达。然而，对网格蛋白介导的消化腺内吞作用的抑制记录了 MgMyD88-b 表达的显着降低。总体而言，AgNPs 摄取途径的抑制突出了它们通过所研究的介质基因对免疫反应的潜在干扰，这需要在未来的研究中进一步研究。