We assessed the effectiveness of Nepalese Community Forestry Program (CFP) in increasing local perceptions of equity in benefit sharing. Our aim is to inform emerging forest policy that aims to mitigate climate change, promote biodiversity conservation, and address poverty and livelihood needs. We collected data from 1,300 households from nationally representative samples of 65 CFP communities and 65 non-CFP communities. By using a robust method of covariates matching, we demonstrate the unique and positive effect of the CFP on perception of equity in benefit sharing at national level and among poor, Dalits, indigenous and women-headed households and in the hills (except Terai). Our results suggest the need to continue the current benefit-sharing practices in CFP except in the Terai, where such practices need to be reviewed. However, caution should be taken in implementing emerging carbon-focused forestry so that it does not alter the CFP management sufficiently to conflict with equity goals and upend the generally positive effects on equity.

中文翻译：

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尼泊尔社区林业计划对利益分享公平的影响

我们评估了尼泊尔社区林业计划 (CFP) 在提高当地对利益分享公平观念的有效性。我们的目标是为旨在缓解气候变化、促进生物多样性保护以及解决贫困和生计需求的新兴森林政策提供信息。我们从 65 个 CFP 社区和 65 个非 CFP 社区的全国代表性样本中收集了 1,300 户家庭的数据。通过使用强大的协变量匹配方法，我们证明了 CFP 对国家层面以及穷人、达利特人、土著和女性户主家庭以及山区（特莱除外）利益分享公平性的看法具有独特的积极影响。我们的结果表明，需要在 CFP 中继续当前的利益分享实践，但在 Terai 除外，此类实践需要进行审查。然而，