Using policy cycle model as a heuristic, this article studies Indian, Brazilian, and South African engagement with Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by (a) comparing NAMA policy process and (b) identifying factors driving or limiting the framework’s domestic application. India largely remained uninterested in NAMAs, Brazil aligned its domestic climate policy and NAMAs, while South Africa had a more nuanced engagement when formulating NAMAs. Four factors influenced these countries’ NAMA engagements: the level and necessity of international support, the availability of domestic policy provisions to tackle climate change, the domestic institutional capacity to coordinate interministerial functioning, and the role of individuals in the institutional apparatus. As an international climate policy framework, studying NAMA engagement provides learnings for nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement for designing the instrument, ensuring clarity on support provisions for ratcheting up ambitions, and enhancing institutional capacity, to expedite transition from policy formulation to implementation and beyond.

中文翻译：

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比较印度、巴西和南非的气候政策进程：国内参与与国际气候政策框架

本文使用政策周期模型作为启发式方法，通过 (a) 比较 NAMA 政策过程和 (b) 确定推动或限制该框架在国内应用的因素，研究印度、巴西和南非参与国家适当缓解行动 (NAMA)。印度基本上对 NAMA 不感兴趣，巴西调整其国内气候政策和 NAMA，而南非在制定 NAMA 时有更细微的参与。四个因素影响了这些国家的 NAMA 参与：国际支持的水平和必要性、应对气候变化的国内政策规定的可用性、协调部际职能的国内机构能力以及个人在机构机构中的作用。作为国际气候政策框架，