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Introduction to special issue on natural halocarbons in the atmosphere
Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10874-017-9364-x Lucy J. Carpenter , Yoko Yokouchi , Elliot L. Atlas
Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10874-017-9364-x Lucy J. Carpenter , Yoko Yokouchi , Elliot L. Atlas
Natural halocarbons are becoming increasingly accepted as important contributors to key atmospheric processes. While CH3Cl, mainly from natural sources, has long been recognised as providing a significant part (~ 13%) of the chlorine which causes stratospheric O3 depletion, natural bromine and iodine containing compounds have been more recently acknowledged to also have an important role in destroying tropospheric O3 and contributing to stratospheric O3 loss. The increasing role of very short-lived (VSLS) chlorinated compounds, such as CH2Cl2 and CHCl3, in the stratosphere has been another recent example of the contribution of halocarbons to chemical budgets and reactions in the atmosphere. It has been suggested that a combination of increased halocarbon emissions and projected increases of vertical transport into the tropical stratosphere could lead to increased contributions of such compounds to halogen background levels and thus to ozone depletion (Dessens et al. 2009; Hossaini et al. 2012, 2015; Tegtmeier et al. 2012). However, the evidence base for such predictions is currently limited, with a lack of knowledge of the environmental controls of natural halogen emissions and of the contribution of natural and anthropogenic sources to halogen background levels. In this issue, eight studies provide new information on source processes and chemistry of atmospheric halogens. More than 60% of the global CH3Cl budget is thought to be accounted for by tropical terrestrial sources. Anthropogenic emission strengths are a large uncertainty in the global CH3Cl budget. Li. et al. present a regional estimation of industry-derived CH3Cl emissions in China and find that global anthropogenic emissions of CH3Cl, which have not been regulated under the Montreal Protocol (MP) or its successor amendments, have been substantially underestimated. The oceans are a small natural source of CH3Cl, arising from chemical production, macroalgal emissions, and phytoplankton. Abe et al. find that production rates J Atmos Chem (2017) 74:141–143 DOI 10.1007/s10874-017-9364-x
更新日期：2017-05-04
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