Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the life-threatening acute complications of diabetes mellitus that mainly occurs in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to determine the socioeconomic factors associated with DKA in patients with T1DM in Basrah. Methods: A cross-sectional study including patients with T1DM who were admitted due to DKA or any other complaint in any of the teaching hospitals in Basrah, from February to October 2017. Data collection from each patient or their parents using a questionnaire was designed to capture personal, social, and disease-related factors. Results: One hundred forty-seven patients were involved in this study. They were compared with different factors to assess correlations with the risk of DKA. Younger age, underweight, being without a job, low personal and/or mother educational level, travel, home glucose monitoring less than 7 times a week, uncontrolled HbA1c and insulin stoppage as a cause of DKA regardless of the reasons to stop were associated with an increased risk of DKA. On the other hand, own home, availability of a glucometer for checking glucose, basal-bolus insulin regimen, insulin supply, and education at a tertiary center, correct injection technique whoever injected the insulin and dietary adherence, all were associated with a decreased risk of DKA. Other factors like gender, marital status, smoking status, father educational level, residency, income, personal home area, the frequency of HbA1c checking, and family history of diabetes were not associated with a significant effect on the DKA risk. Conclusions: Multiple socioeconomic factors interact to play a vital role in the development of DKA among patients with T1DM in Basrah.

中文翻译：

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1 型糖尿病患者糖尿病酮症酸中毒的诱发因素：社会经济状况的影响

背景：糖尿病酮症酸中毒 (DKA) 是一种危及生命的糖尿病急性并发症，主要发生在 1 型糖尿病 (T1DM) 中。本研究旨在确定巴士拉 T1DM 患者与 DKA 相关的社会经济因素。方法：一项横断面研究，包括 2017 年 2 月至 10 月在巴士拉任何教学医院因 DKA 或任何其他投诉入院的 T1DM 患者。捕捉个人、社会和疾病相关因素。结果：147 名患者参与了这项研究。将它们与不同的因素进行比较，以评估与 DKA 风险的相关性。年龄较小、体重不足、没有工作、个人和/或母亲的教育水平低、旅行、每周少于 7 次的家庭血糖监测、不受控制的 HbA1c 和作为 DKA 原因的胰岛素停用（无论停用原因如何）都与 DKA 风险增加有关。另一方面，自己的家、用于检查血糖的血糖仪的可用性、基础推注胰岛素方案、胰岛素供应和在三级中心的教育、注射胰岛素的正确注射技术和饮食依从性，所有这些都与风险降低有关DKA 的。其他因素，如性别、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、父亲教育水平、居住地、收入、个人住宅面积、HbA1c 检查频率和糖尿病家族史，与 DKA 风险没有显着影响相关。结论：