Effect of nicorandil on the spatial arrangement of primary motor cortical neurons in the sub-acute phase of stroke in a rat model,Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Effect of nicorandil on the spatial arrangement of primary motor cortical neurons in the sub-acute phase of stroke in a rat model
Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102000
Maryam Owjfard ₁ , Zohreh Taghadosi ₂ , Mohammad Reza Bigdeli ₃ , Anahid Safari ₄ , Asadollah Zarifkar ₅ , Afshin Borhani-Haghighi ₆ , Mohammad Reza Namavar ₇

Affiliation

Introduction

Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of disability and death worldwide. The density and the spatial distribution of the primary motor (M1) cortical neurons are important in signal transmission and control the movement-related functions. Recently, the neuroprotective effect of nicorandil in cerebral ischemia was described through its anti-apoptosis, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the effects of nicorandil on the neurobehavioral outcome, infarct size, and density, and spatial distribution of M1 cortical neurons after cerebral ischemia.

Methods

Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Sham underwent surgery without middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and drug. The MCAO and treatment groups after MCAO received saline or nicorandil 2, 24, 48, and 72 h after the induction of brain ischemia. Neurobehavioral tests were performed, brains removed, sectioned, and stained by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) to estimate the size of the infarction and Nissl staining to evaluate the numerical density, mean area, and the distribution pattern of M1 cortical neurons, using Voronoi spatial tessellation.

Results

Although nicorandil treatment significantly decreased the neurological deficits and density of neuronal neighbors, it could not preserve the normal regular spatial distributions of M1 cortical neurons after MCAO. It also could not significantly improve motor function or reduce ischemic lesion size.

Conclusions

Treatment using the present dose of nicorandil during sub-acute ischemic stroke could not increase neuronal density or preserve the normal regular spatial distributions after MCAO. However, it had beneficial effects on neurobehavioral and motor function and somewhat reduced ischemic lesion size.

中文翻译：

尼可地尔对大鼠脑卒中亚急性期初级运动皮层神经元空间排列的影响

介绍

缺血性中风仍然是全世界残疾和死亡的主要原因。初级运动 (M1) 皮层神经元的密度和空间分布在信号传输和控制运动相关功能中很重要。最近，通过其抗细胞凋亡、抗氧化和抗炎特性描述了尼可地尔在脑缺血中的神经保护作用。本研究旨在确定尼可地尔对脑缺血后 M1 皮质神经元的神经行为结果、梗死面积和密度以及空间分布的影响。

方法

将 30 只 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠随机分为三组。Sham 接受了没有大脑中动脉闭塞 (MCAO) 和药物的手术。MCAO 和 MCAO 治疗组在脑缺血诱导后 2、24、48 和 72 小时接受生理盐水或尼可地尔。进行神经行为测试，取出大脑，切片，用 2,3,5-三苯基四唑氯化物 (TTC) 染色以估计梗塞的大小，尼氏染色以评估 M1 皮质的数值密度、平均面积和分布模式神经元，使用 Voronoi 空间细分。