Enhancement of the electric field on mixture has attached wide interests owing to its advantages in the terrestrial and space applications. In this paper, the dispersion characteristics of bubbles in leaky-dielectric liquid were investigated with a novel designed capillary electrode in the presence of a non-uniform electric field, employing high-speed photography and with a focus on the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) effects. The results show that the bubble dispersion is associated with three typical patterns in the manipulated parameter regions, including the dripping, mixed, and spraying patterns. With the increase of electrical Bond number (Bo_E), bubble size, characterized by the dimensionless bubble diameter ζ, is decreased significantly, while the evolution process of bubbles becomes faster and more complex. In particular, the size of the generated micro/nanobubbles in the spraying pattern is basically below 20 μm. The rise of the dimensionless flow rate (Q/Q₀) increases ζ. It is found that the transition of bubble dispersion patterns depends strongly on the Bo_E, and the rise in Q/Q₀ tends to slow down the transition process. In addition, an empirical correlation of ζ as a function of Bo_E and Q/Q₀ is established for the dripping pattern of bubbles based on the present experiment data, which is believed to be of significance for the modeling of bubble dispersion under electric field. The bubble shapes, characterized by aspect ratios, show a diversity of distribution in the cross-section close to the capillary orifice, while terminally tending to follow the conventional formulation in the literature as the bubbles develop in the vertical direction.

混合物电场增强因其在地面和空间应用中的优势而受到广泛关注。在本文中，采用新型设计的毛细管电极在存在非均匀电场的情况下，采用高速摄影并重点研究了电流体动力学 (EHD) 效应，研究了气泡在泄漏介质液体中的分散特性。结果表明，气泡分散与操纵参数区域中的三种典型模式有关，包括滴落、混合和喷射模式。随着电键数（Bo _E）的增加，气泡的大小，表征为无量纲的气泡直径ζ, 显着降低，而气泡的演化过程变得更快、更复杂。尤其是喷射图案中产生的微/纳米气泡的尺寸基本在20μm以下。无量纲流量 ( Q / Q ₀ ) 的上升会增加ζ。发现气泡分散模式的转变强烈依赖于Bo _E，Q / Q ₀的上升趋于减慢转变过程。此外，ζ作为Bo _E和Q / Q ₀的函数的经验相关性基于目前的实验数据建立了气泡的滴落模式，认为这对电场下气泡扩散的建模具有重要意义。以纵横比为特征的气泡形状在靠近毛细管孔口的横截面中显示出多种分布，而随着气泡在垂直方向上发展，最终倾向于遵循文献中的常规公式。