ABSTRACT

Internalized homonegativity results from the acceptance of negative attitudes about one’s same-sex orientation, which has negative consequences for the health of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM). We translated the 7-item Reactions to Homosexuality Scale (RHS) to Brazilian Portuguese and assessed its factor structure, validity and reliability. The first step included the translation, back-translation, evaluation, peer review, and pre-testing of the scale. Then, we piloted the scale in two convenience samples of adult Brazilians recruited online during October 2019 and February to March 2020 through advertisements on Grindr and Hornet, respectively. The largest sample was randomly split into two groups for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) then confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Criterion and construct validity were assessed via correlations between scale scores and study variables. A total of 5573 GBM (sample 1: 218; sample 2: 5355) completed the RHS. EFA (N = 2652) yielded two eigenvalues greater than one (Factor 1: 3.5 and Factor 2: 1.1). A one-factor solution provided the most interpretable model based on examination of scree plot and item factor loadings (χ2(14) = 1373.1, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.89; TLI = 0.84; RMSEA = 0.19; SRMS = 0.09). Though one-factor CFA showed moderate fit, freeing errors terms to covary, based on item content and interpretation, significantly improved model fit (χ2(12) = 309.1, p < .001; CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.09; SRMR = 0.02). As hypothesized, men who did not self-identify as gay (mean score 17.9 compared to those self-identifying as gay: 11.8) and men who reported no sex with men in the past 6 months (mean score 12.6 compared to those who reported sex with men: 10.6) scored higher reflecting higher internalized homonegativity. The RHS was effectively translated and validated in Brazilian Portuguese and can be used to evaluate the role of internalized homonegativity on GBM’s health, as well as its impact on the uptake of HIV prevention technologies.

摘要

内化同性性源于接受对同性取向的消极态度，这对同性恋、双性恋和其他男男性行为者 (GBM) 的健康产生负面影响。我们将 7 项对同性恋反应量表 (RHS) 翻译成巴西葡萄牙语，并评估其因素结构、有效性和可靠性。第一步包括量表的翻译、回译、评估、同行评审和预测试。然后，我们分别在 2019 年 10 月和 2020 年 2 月至 2020 年 3 月期间通过 Grindr 和 Hornet 上的广告在线招募了两个方便的巴西成年巴西人样本。将最大样本随机分为两组进行探索性因素分析（EFA），然后进行验证性因素分析（CFA）。通过量表分数和研究变量之间的相关性评估标准和结构效度。总共 5573 GBM（样本 1：218；样本 2：5355）完成了 RHS。EFA (N = 2652) 产生两个大于一的特征值（因子 1：3.5 和因子 2：1.1）。基于碎石图和项目因子载荷的检查，单因素解决方案提供了最可解释的模型（χ2(14) = 1373.1，p < 0.001；CFI = 0.89；TLI = 0.84；RMSEA = 0.19；SRMS = 0.09）。尽管单因素 CFA 显示出适度的拟合，但根据项目内容和解释，可以显着提高模型拟合度（χ2(12) = 309.1，p < .001；CFI = 0.97；TLI = 0.96；RMSEA = 0.09） ;SRMR = 0.02)。正如假设的那样，没有自我认同为同性恋的男性（平均得分 17.9 与自我认同为同性恋的男性相比：11。8）和在过去 6 个月内未报告与男性发生性关系的男性（平均得分 12.6 与报告与男性发生性行为的人相比：10.6）得分更高，反映了更高的内化同质性。RHS 在巴西葡萄牙语中得到了有效的翻译和验证，可用于评估内化同质性对 GBM 健康的作用，以及其对 HIV 预防技术采用的影响。