Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an important drought-tolerant crop, and recently it has become a research focus because of its health-care and nutrition significance. A study was carried out to investigate callus induction and differentiation and plantlet rooting in Shaanmi 1 and Shaanmi 2 with young leaves of the two varieties. Its result showed that in proso millet, the age of aseptic seedlings could influence on inducing calli from young leaves with the highest callus induction frequency at the seedling age of 7 d. N6 medium performed better in inducing calli from young leaves. There did appear to be no calli on MS medium without 2,4-D, but calli were induced on N6 medium without 2,4-D in Shaanmi 2, with its induction frequency standing 6.45% and no calli were induced on the medium without 2,4-D in Shaanmi 1. With 2,4-D added, there appeared the highest callus induction frequency at a 2,4-D concentration of 3.0 mg L^–1. The optimal medium to induce calli from young leaves in proso millet was N6 medium plus 2,4-D (3.0 mg L^–1) and KT (0.5 mg L^–1), with its callus induction frequency at 64.33% (Shaanmi 1) and 68.67% (Shaanmi 2), respectively. The optimal callus differentiation medium was MS medium plus 1.0 mg L^–1 6-BA and 0.5 mg L^–1NAA, with its differentiation rate at 87.78% (Shaanmi 1) and 96.29% (Shaanmi 2), respectively. Proline adding at 600 mg L^–1 was conducive to callus differentiation. The optimal rooting medium was 1/2MS medium plus NAA (0.1 mg L^–1), with its rooting rate at 100%.

中文翻译：

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小米愈伤组织的有效诱导和再生

小米（Panicum miliaceum L.）是一种重要的耐旱作物，因其保健和营养意义成为近年来的研究热点。用两个品种的幼叶对陕米1号和陕米2号的愈伤组织诱导分化及幼苗生根进行了研究。结果表明，在谷子中，无菌苗龄对诱导愈伤组织的影响最大，苗龄7 d时愈伤组织诱导频率最高。N6培养基在诱导幼叶愈伤组织方面表现更好。在不含 2,4-D 的 MS 培养基上似乎没有愈伤组织，但在陕米 2 中，在不含 2,4-D 的 N6 培养基上诱导了愈伤组织，其诱导频率为6.45%，且陕米1号在不含2,4-D的培养基上未诱导愈伤组织。添加 2,4-D 后，2,4-D 浓度为 3.0 mg L ^{–1 时}出现最高的愈伤组织诱导频率。小米幼叶愈伤组织的最佳诱导培养基为N6培养基加2,4-D（3.0 mg L ^–1）和KT（0.5 mg L ^–1），其愈伤组织诱导频率为64.33%（陕米1）和 68.67%（陕米 2）。最佳愈伤组织分化培养基为MS培养基加1.0 mg L ^–1 6-BA和0.5 mg L ^–1 NAA，分化率为87.78%（陕米1）和96.29%（陕米 2 )，分别。添加600 mg L ^{–1 的}脯氨酸有利于愈伤组织分化。最佳生根培养基为 1/2MS 培养基加 NAA（0.1 mg L ^–1），生根率为 100%。