Improving maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes for higher productivity and tolerance to drought stress depends mainly on physiological and molecular markers. Therefore, this study aims at breeding maize for drought tolerance and high potentiality by selection based on molecular markers, photosynthetic parameters; and easy graphic methods that help in selecting elite genotypes across diverse environments. An 8 × 8 half diallel analysis was used at two locations involving drought and normal irrigation treatments to study parental genetic diversity (GD) and combining ability (general combing ability [GCA] and specific combining ability [SCA]) in F1 of maize. Fingerprinting of parents was made using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fifty-eight alleles were ranged from two to five alleles per locus with an average of 0.63 alleles per locus. The average of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.63. Cuvette temperature (oc) was lowest by the cross L14 × L36. The cross L8 × L34 expresses the highest value for Quantum sensor (μmol m^–2 s^–1), net CO₂ assimilation rate and chlorophyll content. As for leaf diffusive resistance (LDR) four crosses exhibited significant desirable LDR values. Concerning rate of leaf transpiration (LTR) (μg cm⁻² S⁻¹) the cross (L5 × L104) gave the lowest value. Most hybrids exhibited desirable values for drought susceptibility index. For grain yield plant^–1, five F₁ crosses, that is, L5 × L34, L8 × L14, L8 × L14, L30 × L104, and L36 × L104 expressed the most desirable SCA effects. These crosses are promising in maize breeding programs. Based on GGE biplot analysis, genotype nos. 8 and 10 exhibited the highest grain yield plant⁻¹ and ranked the first across all environments.

中文翻译：

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选择高产耐旱玉米杂交种的分子标记和 GGE 双标分析

改良玉米（Zea maysL.) 具有更高生产力和对干旱胁迫耐受性的基因型主要取决于生理和分子标记。因此，本研究旨在通过基于分子标记、光合参数的选择育种耐旱和高潜力的玉米；以及有助于在不同环境中选择精英基因型的简单图形方法。在涉及干旱和正常灌溉处理的两个地点使用 8×8 半双列分析来研究玉米 F1 的亲本遗传多样性（GD）和配合力（一般梳理能力 [GCA] 和特定配合力 [SCA]）。使用简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记对父母进行指纹识别。58 个等位基因的范围从每个基因座 2 到 5 个等位基因，每个基因座平均有 0.63 个等位基因。多态信息含量 (PIC) 的平均值为 0.63。比色皿温度 (oc) 在交叉 L14 × L36 处最低。交叉 L8 × L34 表示量子传感器的最高值（μmol m^–2 s ^–1 )、净 CO ₂同化率和叶绿素含量。至于叶片扩散阻力 (LDR)，四个杂交表现出显着的理想 LDR 值。关于叶蒸腾速率（LTR）（μg cm ^-2 S ^-1），交叉（L5 × L104）给出最低值。大多数杂种表现出理想的干旱敏感性指数值。对于粮食产量植物^–1，五个F ₁杂交，即L5 × L34、L8 × L14、L8 × L14、L30 × L104 和L36 × L104 表达了最理想的SCA 效应。这些杂交在玉米育种计划中很有前景。基于 GGE 双标分析，基因型编号。8和10表现出最高的粮食产量植物^-1 并在所有环境中排名第一。