The pion electromagnetic form factor has been calculated for the first time from the solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter equation, obtained directly in Minkowski space by using the Nakanishi integral representation of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude. The one-gluon exchange kernel contains as inputs the quark and gluon masses, as well as a scale parameter featuring the extended quark-gluon vertex. The range of variability of these parameters is suggested by lattice calculations. After presenting a very successful comparison with the existing data in the whole range of the momentum transfer, we show how inserting the light-front (LF) formalism in our approach allows to achieve further interesting results, like the evaluation of the LF valence form factor and a first investigation of the end-points effects.

π 电磁形状因子首次从 Bethe-Salpeter 方程的解中计算出来，该方程通过使用 Bethe-Salpeter 振幅的 Nakanishi 积分表示直接在 Minkowski 空间中获得。单胶子交换核包含夸克和胶子质量作为输入，以及具有扩展夸克胶子顶点的尺度参数。这些参数的可变性范围由晶格计算建议。在对整个动量转移范围内的现有数据进行非常成功的比较后，我们展示了如何在我们的方法中插入光前 (LF) 形式主义，以获得更有趣的结果，例如对 LF 价形式因子的评估以及对终点效应的初步调查。