Myopia is a highly prevalent refractive disorder. We investigated the effect of diacerein on monocular form deprivation (MFD) in hamsters as a possible therapeutic intervention. Diacerein is an anthraquinone derivative drug whose active metabolite is rhein. Diacerein or atropine was applied to the MFD hamsters, and their refractive error and axial length were measured after 21 days. The refractive error (control: , atropine: , and diacerein: ) and axial length (control: , atropine: , and diacerein: ) showed statistically significant differences between control, atropine-treated, and diacerein-treated MFD eyes. Furthermore, we determined the level of transforming growth factor-beta- (TGF-) β1, matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2, type I collagen, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1 in the retina. Atropine and diacerein suppressed levels of the myopia-related TGF-β1 and MMP-2 while increasing type I collagen expression. They also inhibited the interleukin IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 levels. Diacerein reduced the IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 expression in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, diacerein inhibited inflammation by attenuating the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) pathway. This suggests that diacerein has a therapeutic effect on myopia and is a potential treatment option.

中文翻译：

---

双醋瑞因通过降低视网膜色素上皮细胞炎症抑制近视进展

近视是一种非常普遍的屈光障碍。我们研究了双醋瑞因对仓鼠单眼形态剥夺 (MFD) 的影响，作为一种可能的治疗干预措施。双醋瑞因是一种蒽醌类衍生物药物，其活性代谢物是大黄酸。双醋瑞因或阿托品应用于MFD仓鼠，21天后测量其屈光不正和眼轴长度。屈光不正（控制：，阿托品：和双醋瑞因：）和轴向长度（控制：，阿托品：和双醋瑞因：)在对照、阿托品治疗和双醋瑞因治疗的 MFD 眼之间显示出统计学上的显着差异。此外，我们确定了转化生长因子-β- (TGF-) β 1、基质金属蛋白酶- (MMP-) 2、I 型胶原蛋白、白细胞介素- (IL-) 6、IL-8 和单核细胞趋化蛋白- (MCP-) 1 在视网膜中。阿托品和双醋瑞因抑制了近视相关的 TGF- β1和 MMP-2 的水平，同时增加了 I 型胶原蛋白的表达。它们还抑制白细胞介素 IL-6、IL-8 和 MCP-1 水平。双醋瑞因降低了 ARPE-19 细胞中 IL-6、IL-8 和 MCP-1 的表达。此外，双醋瑞因通过减弱蛋白激酶 B (AKT) 的磷酸化和活化 B 的核因子 kappa-轻链增强子 (NF-κB )途径。这表明双醋瑞因对近视有治疗作用，是一种潜在的治疗选择。