A sludge-based adsorbent (SBA-Air) was prepared using rapid pyrolysis under an air atmosphere to adsorb Pb²⁺ from aqueous solutions. The maximum Pb²⁺adsorption capacity of SBA-Air was 117.96 ± 1.22 mg/g, which was only slightly lower than that of SBA-N₂ (SBR prepared under an N₂ atmosphere) with 0.99% of reduction rates. The Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity of SBA-Air was affected by initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time. The Pb²⁺ adsorption onto SBA-Air could be best fitted by pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model, which was similar to that onto SBA-N₂. Thermodynamic analysis suggested that the Pb²⁺ adsorption onto SBA-Air was spontaneous and endothermic. Chemical adsorption (live functional group complexation, π- π adsorption, and ion exchange) was the main adsorption mechanism for Pb²⁺ onto SBA-Air. The experimental results suggested that sewage sludge can also be prepared into an effective, reusable, and environment-friendly SBA for Pb²⁺ adsorption under a simple and low-cost air preparation atmosphere.

一种基于污泥的吸附剂 (SBA-Air) 在空气气氛下使用快速热解来吸附水溶液中的Pb ²⁺。SBA-Air的最大 Pb ²⁺吸附容量为 117.96 ± 1.22 mg/g，仅略低于 SBA-N ₂（在 N ₂气氛下制备的 SBR ），还原率为 0.99%。SBA-Air对 Pb ^{2+ 的}吸附能力受初始溶液 pH 值、吸附剂用量和吸附时间的影响。SBA-Air 上的 Pb ²⁺吸附最适合伪二级动力学模型和 Langmuir 等温线模型，这与 SBA-N ₂上的吸附相似。热力学分析表明 Pb ²⁺SBA-Air 上的吸附是自发的和吸热的。化学吸附（活性官能团络合、π-π 吸附和离子交换）是​​ Pb ²⁺在 SBA-Air 上的主要吸附机制。实验结果表明，在简单、低成本的空气制备气氛下，污水污泥也可以制备成有效、可重复使用、环保的SBA，用于吸附Pb ²⁺。