Worldwide, the most common malignancy in women is breast cancer. At present, the gold standard for breast cancer diagnosis, namely pathological analysis, cannot reach the subcellular level, and is unable to provide more physiological information. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has its unique advantages, such as label-free detection, high resolution, low damage, deep imaging depth, low photobleaching and phototoxicity, and so on, which make up for the deficiences of traditional methods. This review mainly introduces the principle of MPM and its applications in breast diseases, especially in monitoring the occurrence, progression, metastasis, and therapy response of tumor. At the same time, the performance and progress of MPM combined with nanomaterials in breast cancer treatment are summarized. Finally, we propose the clinical challenges and future research directions of MPM.

中文翻译：

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用于监测乳腺癌发生、转移和治疗的多光子显微镜

在世界范围内，女性最常见的恶性肿瘤是乳腺癌。目前，乳腺癌诊断的金标准，即病理分析，还达不到亚细胞水平，无法提供更多的生理信息。多光子显微镜（MPM）具有无标记检测、高分辨率、低损伤、成像深度深、光漂白和光毒性低等独特优势，弥补了传统方法的不足。本综述主要介绍MPM的原理及其在乳腺疾病中的应用，特别是在监测肿瘤的发生、进展、转移和治疗反应方面的应用。同时总结了MPM联合纳米材料在乳腺癌治疗中的表现和进展。最后，