Evolved to protect, designed to destroy: IL-17-producing γδ T cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer,European Journal of Immunology

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Evolved to protect, designed to destroy: IL-17-producing γδ T cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer
European Journal of Immunology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-05 , DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049119
Rasmus Agerholm ₁ , Vasileios Bekiaris ₁

Affiliation

T cells of the gamma delta (γδ) lineage are evolutionary conserved from jawless to cartilaginous and bony fish to mammals and represent the “swiss army knife” of the immune system capable of antigen-dependent or independent responses, memory, antigen presentation, regulation of other lymphocytes, tissue homeostasis, and mucosal barrier maintenance, to list a few. Over the last 10 years, γδ T cells that produce the cytokine IL-17 (γδT17) have taken a leading position in our understanding of how our immune system battles infection, inflicts tissue damage during inflammation, and gets rewired by the tumor microenvironment. A lot of what we know about γδT17 cells stems from mouse models, however, increasing evidence implicates these cells in numerous human diseases. Herein, we aim to give an overview of the most common mouse models that have been used to study the role of γδT17 cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer, while at the same time we will evaluate evidence for their importance in humans. We hope and believe that in the next 10 years, means to take advantage of the protective and destructive properties of γδ T and in particular γδT17 cells will be part of our standard immunotherapy toolkit.

中文翻译：

进化为保护，旨在破坏：感染、炎症和癌症中产生 IL-17 的 γδ T 细胞

γδ (γδ) 谱系的 T 细胞在进化上是保守的，从无颚鱼到软骨鱼和硬骨鱼再到哺乳动物，代表了免疫系统的“瑞士军刀”，能够进行抗原依赖性或独立反应、记忆、抗原呈递、调节其他淋巴细胞、组织稳态和粘膜屏障维护，仅举几例。在过去的 10 年中，产生细胞因子 IL-17 (γδT17) 的 γδ T 细胞在我们了解我们的免疫系统如何对抗感染、炎症期间造成组织损伤以及被肿瘤微环境重新连接方面处于领先地位。我们对 γδT17 细胞的了解很多来自小鼠模型，然而，越来越多的证据表明这些细胞与许多人类疾病有关。在此处，我们旨在概述用于研究 γδT17 细胞在感染、炎症和癌症中的作用的最常见小鼠模型，同时我们将评估它们对人类重要性的证据。我们希望并相信，在接下来的 10 年里，利用 γδ T 尤其是 γδT17 细胞的保护性和破坏性特性的手段将成为我们标准免疫治疗工具包的一部分。

更新日期：2021-09-01

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