The diversity of animal acoustic signals has evolved due to multiple ecological processes, both biotic and abiotic. At the level of communities of signalling animals, these processes may lead to diverse outcomes, including partitioning of acoustic signals along multiple axes (divergent signal parameters, signalling locations and timing). Acoustic data provides information on the organization, diversity and dynamics of an acoustic community, and thus enables study of ecological change and turnover in a non-intrusive way. In this review, we lay out how community bioacoustics (the study of acoustic community structure and dynamics), has value in ecological monitoring and conservation of diverse landscapes and taxa. First, we review the concepts of signal space, signal partitioning and their effects on the structure of acoustic communities. Next, we highlight how spatiotemporal ecological change is reflected in acoustic community structure, and the potential this presents in monitoring and conservation. As passive acoustic monitoring gains popularity worldwide, we propose that the analytical framework of community bioacoustics has promise in studying the response of entire suites of species (from insects to large whales) to rapid anthropogenic change.

中文翻译：

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社区生物声学：研究声学社区结构以获得生态和保护见解

由于生物和非生物的多种生态过程，动物声学信号的多样性已经演变。在信号动物群落的层面上，这些过程可能会导致不同的结果，包括沿多个轴（不同的信号参数、信号位置和时间）划分声信号。声学数据提供关于声学社区的组织、多样性和动态的信息，从而能够以非侵入性的方式研究生态变化和更新。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了群落生物声学（声学群落结构和动力学的研究）如何在生态监测和保护不同景观和分类群方面具有价值。首先，我们回顾了信号空间、信号划分的概念及其对声学社区结构的影响。下一个，我们强调了时空生态变化如何反映在声学群落结构中，以及这在监测和保护中的潜力。随着被动声学监测在全球范围内越来越流行，我们建议社区生物声学的分析框架有望用于研究整个物种（从昆虫到大型鲸鱼）对快速人为变化的反应。