COVID-19 affects the paediatric population less frequently than adults. A retrospective study was performed in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Mexico City in children <18 years of age who were hospitalized with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. Included in the study were 86 patients with a median age of 10 years old (IQR 2.6–14.3 years), who were classified in three groups: previously healthy, with chronic disease and immunosuppressed patients. The principal signs and symptoms were fever (81%), cough (51%) and headache (35%). A total of 20 patients (23%) required management in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and 17% needed mechanical ventilation for an average of 12.7 days (IQR 2–29 days). There was no statistically significant difference between the three clinical classification groups in those patients admitted to the PICU, most of which were previously healthy patients. The mortality rate was 5% (four patients). Given that the paediatric population is susceptible to infection, potential transmitters and to clinical presentations with variable degrees of severity, it is important to continue reinforcing social distancing measures.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥城一家三级医院诊断为 COVID-19 的儿科患者的临床和流行病学特征

COVID-19 影响儿科人群的频率低于成人。在墨西哥城的一家三级儿科医院对因 SARS-CoV-2 逆转录聚合酶链反应呈阳性而住院的 18 岁以下儿童进行了一项回顾性研究。该研究包括 86 名中位年龄为 10 岁（IQR 2.6-14.3 岁）的患者，他们被分为三组：既往健康、慢性病患者和免疫抑制患者。主要体征和症状是发烧（81%）、咳嗽（51%）和头痛（35%）。共有 20 名患者 (23%) 需要在儿科重症监护病房 (PICU) 进行管理，17% 需要机械通气平均 12.7 天 (IQR 2-29 天)。在入住 PICU 的患者中，三个临床分类组之间没有统计学上的显着差异，其中大多数是既往健康的患者。死亡率为 5%（4 名患者）。鉴于儿科人群易受感染、潜在传播者和严重程度不同的临床表现的影响，继续加强社会隔离措施非常重要。