ABSTRACT

Oyster microbiomes are integral to healthy function and can be altered by climate change conditions. Genetic variation among oysters is known to influence the response of oysters to climate change and may ameliorate any adverse effects on oyster microbiome; however, this remains unstudied. Nine full-sibling selected breeding lines of the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) were exposed to predicted warming (ambient = 24°C, elevated = 28°C) and ocean acidification (ambient pCO₂ = 400, elevated pCO₂ = 1000 µatm) for 4 weeks. The haemolymph bacterial microbiome was characterized using 16S rRNA (V3–V4) gene sequencing and varied among oyster lines in the control (ambient pCO₂, 24°C) treatment. Microbiomes were also altered by climate change dependent on oyster lines. Bacterial α-diversity increased in response to elevated pCO₂ in two selected lines, while bacterial β-diversity was significantly altered by combinations of elevated pCO₂ and temperature in four selected lines. Climate change treatments caused shifts in the abundance of multiple amplicon sequence variants driving change in the microbiome of some selected lines. We show that oyster genetic background may influence the Sydney rock oyster haemolymph microbiome under climate change and that future assisted evolution breeding programs to enhance resilience should consider the oyster microbiome.

中文翻译：

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选定的悉尼岩牡蛎品系对海洋变暖和酸化的微生物组反应不同

摘要

牡蛎微生物群是健康功能不可或缺的组成部分，并且会因气候变化条件而改变。众所周知，牡蛎之间的遗传变异会影响牡蛎对气候变化的反应，并可能减轻对牡蛎微生物群的任何不利影响；然而，这仍未得到研究。悉尼岩牡蛎 ( Saccostrea glomerata ) 的九个全同胞选定育种品系暴露于预测的变暖（环境 = 24°C，升高的 = 28°C）和海洋酸化（环境p CO ₂ = 400，升高的p CO ₂ = 1000 µatm) 4 周。血淋巴细菌微生物组使用 16S rRNA (V3-V4) 基因测序进行表征，并且在对照（环境p CO₂ , 24°C) 处理。依赖牡蛎品系的气候变化也改变了微生物组。在两个选定品系中，细菌 α 多样性随着p CO ₂升高而增加，而细菌 β 多样性因四个选定品系中p CO ₂升高和温度的组合而显着改变。气候变化处理导致多个扩增子序列变异的丰度发生变化，从而导致某些选定品系的微生物组发生变化。我们表明，牡蛎的遗传背景可能会影响气候变化下的悉尼岩牡蛎血淋巴微生物组，未来旨在增强恢复力的辅助进化育种计划应考虑牡蛎微生物组。