Background and Aims Colour pattern is a key cue of bee attraction selectively driving the appeal of pollinators. It comprises the main colour of the flower with extra fine patterns, indicating a reward focal point such as nectar, nectaries, pollen, stamens and floral guides. Such advertising of floral traits guides visitation by the insects, ensuring precision in pollen gathering and deposition. The study, focused in the Southwest Australian Floristic Region, aimed to spot bee colour patterns that are usual and unusual, missing, accomplished by mimicry of pollen and anthers, and overlapping between mimic-model species in floral mimicry cases. Methods Floral colour patterns were examined by false colour photography in 55 flower species of multiple highly diverse natural plant communities in south-west Australia. False colour photography is a method to transform a UV photograph and a colour photograph into a false colour photograph based on the trichromatic vision of bees. This method is particularly effective for rapid screening of large numbers of flowers for the presence of fine-scale bee-sensitive structures and surface roughness that are not detectable using standard spectrophotometry. Key Results Bee- and bird-pollinated flowers showed the expected but also some remarkable and unusual previously undetected floral colour pattern syndromes. Typical colour patterns include cases of pollen and flower mimicry and UV-absorbing targets. Among the atypical floral colour patterns are unusual white and UV-reflecting flowers of bee-pollinated plants, bicoloured floral guides, consistently occurring in Fabaceae spp., and flowers displaying a selective attractiveness to birds only. In the orchid genera (Diuris and Thelymitra) that employ floral mimicry of model species, we revealed a surprising mimicry phenomenon of anthers mimicked in turn by model species. Conclusion The study demonstrates the applicability of ‘bee view’ colour imaging for deciphering pollinator cues in a biodiverse flora with potential to be applied to other eco regions. The technique provides an exciting opportunity for indexing floral traits on a biome scale to establish pollination drivers of ecological and evolutionary relevance.

中文翻译：

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假彩色摄影揭示了澳大利亚西南部生物多样性热点地区显着花卉图案的蜜蜂视角

背景和目的 颜色模式是蜜蜂吸引力的关键线索，选择性地驱动传粉媒介的吸引力。它包括花的主要颜色和超精细的图案，表示奖励焦点，如花蜜、蜜腺、花粉、雄蕊和花导。这种花卉性状的广告引导昆虫的访问，确保花粉收集和沉积的精确度。该研究集中在澳大利亚西南部植物区系，旨在发现蜜蜂常见和不寻常的颜色模式，缺失的，通过花粉和花药的模仿以及花卉模仿案例中模仿模型物种之间的重叠来完成。方法 对澳大利亚西南部多种高度多样化的自然植物群落的 55 种花卉进行假彩色摄影检测花卉颜色图案。假彩色摄影是根据蜜蜂的三原色视觉，将紫外照片和彩色照片转化为假彩色照片的方法。这种方法对于快速筛选大量花朵中是否存在使用标准分光光度法无法检测到的精细蜜蜂敏感结构和表面粗糙度特别有效。主要结果 蜜蜂和鸟类授粉的花朵表现出预期的但也有一些显着和不寻常的以前未被发现的花色图案综合症。典型的颜色模式包括花粉和花朵模仿和紫外线吸收目标的情况。在非典型的花色图案中，蜜蜂授粉植物的不寻常的白色和紫外线反射花，双色花卉指南，始终出现在豆科植物中，花只对鸟类有选择性的吸引力。在使用模式物种模仿花的兰花属（Diuris 和 Thelymitra）中，我们揭示了模式物种依次模仿花药的惊人模仿现象。结论 该研究证明了“蜜蜂视图”彩色成像在破译生物多样性植物群中的传粉者线索方面的适用性，并有可能应用于其他生态区域。该技术为在生物群落范围内索引花卉特征以建立生态和进化相关性的授粉驱动因素提供了一个令人兴奋的机会。结论 该研究证明了“蜜蜂视图”彩色成像在破译生物多样性植物群中的传粉者线索方面的适用性，并有可能应用于其他生态区域。该技术为在生物群落范围内索引花卉特征以建立生态和进化相关性的授粉驱动因素提供了一个令人兴奋的机会。结论 该研究证明了“蜜蜂视图”彩色成像在破译生物多样性植物群中的传粉者线索方面的适用性，并有可能应用于其他生态区域。该技术为在生物群落范围内索引花卉特征以建立生态和进化相关性的授粉驱动因素提供了一个令人兴奋的机会。