In a critical approach to Mommsen’s classical thesis, which states the dependence of Weber’s sociology on his political position, the article reconstructs the foundation of Weber’s ‘The Profession and Vocation of Politics’ on his sociological analyses of the political domain in the manuscripts for the posthumous publication of Economy and Society. The first two pages of his 1919 lecture particularly show that Weber can fall back on the definitions of State and politics that he had already developed for his political sociology. Yet, to appreciate the full extent of this theoretical contribution, it is necessary to present Weber’s entire ideal-typical analysis of the political. The article then shows that Weber provides an unlabelled definition of ‘modern politics’ that negates ante litteram Carl Schmitt’s foundation of politics on the idea of enmity. In this context, Weber’s sound plea for parliamentarism and against the fascination of civil war comes to the fore that he wanted to deliver to his audience of young revolutionaries in January 1919.

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马克斯·韦伯的“现代政治”概念

文章以批判的方式对蒙森的古典论文进行批判，该论文陈述了韦伯的社会学对其政治立场的依赖，文章重构了韦伯在他死后手稿中对政治领域的社会学分析的“政治的职业和职业”的基础。出版经济与社会。他 1919 年讲座的前两页特别表明，韦伯可以依靠他已经为他的政治社会学发展起来的国家和政治定义。然而，为了充分理解这一理论贡献，有必要展示韦伯对政治的整个理想典型分析。然后，文章表明，韦伯提供了一个无标签的“现代政治”定义，否定了卡尔施密特关于敌意思想的政治基础。在这种情况下，韦伯在 1919 年 1 月向他的年轻革命者听众表达了对议会制和反对内战魅力的有力呼吁。