Flaviviruses are enveloped viruses that infect multiple hosts. Envelope proteins are the outermost proteins in the structure of flaviviruses and mediate viral infection. Studies indicate that flaviviruses mainly use envelope proteins to bind to cell attachment receptors and endocytic receptors for the entry step. Here, we present current findings regarding key envelope protein amino acids that participate in the flavivirus early infection process. Among these sites, most are located in special positions of the protein structure, such as the α-helix in the stem region and the hinge region between domains I and II, motifs that potentially affect the interaction between different domains. Some of these sites are located in positions involved in conformational changes in envelope proteins. In summary, we summarize and discuss the key envelope protein residues that affect the entry process of flaviviruses, including the process of their discovery and the mechanisms that affect early infection.

中文翻译：

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参与早期黄病毒感染的E蛋白关键氨基酸：病毒进入

黄病毒是感染多个宿主的包膜病毒。包膜蛋白是黄病毒结构中最外层的蛋白质，可介导病毒感染。研究表明，黄病毒主要使用包膜蛋白与细胞附着受体和内吞受体结合以进行进入步骤。在这里，我们介绍了参与黄病毒早期感染过程的关键包膜蛋白氨基酸的最新发现。在这些位点中，大多数位于蛋白质结构的特殊位置，例如茎区的α-螺旋和结构域I和II之间的铰链区，这些基序可能影响不同结构域之间的相互作用。其中一些位点位于涉及包膜蛋白构象变化的位置。总之，