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How signaling pathways link extracellular mechano-environment to proline biosynthesis: A hypothesis
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-03 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100116
Keng Chen 1 , Ling Guo 2 , Chuanyue Wu 3
Affiliation  

We propose a signaling pathway in which cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion components PINCH-1 and kindlin-2 sense mechanical signals from ECM and link them to proline biosynthesis, a vital metabolic pathway for macromolecule synthesis, redox balance, and ECM remodeling. ECM stiffening promotes PINCH-1 expression via integrin signaling, which suppresses dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression and mitochondrial fission, resulting in increased kindlin-2 translocation into mitochondria and interaction with Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase 1 (PYCR1). Kindlin-2 interaction with PYCR1 protects the latter from proteolytic degradation, leading to elevated PYCR1 level. Additionally, PINCH-1 promotes P5C synthase (P5CS) expression and P5C synthesis, which, together with increased PYCR1 level, support augmented proline biosynthesis. This signaling pathway is frequently activated in fibrosis and cancer, resulting in increased proline biosynthesis and excessive collagen matrix production, which in turn further promotes ECM stiffening. Targeting this signaling pathway, therefore, may provide an effective strategy for alleviating fibrosis and cancer progression.

中文翻译:

信号通路如何将细胞外机械环境与脯氨酸生物合成联系起来:一个假设

我们提出了一种信号通路,其中细胞外基质 (ECM) 粘附成分 PINCH-1 和 kindlin-2 感知来自 ECM 的机械信号,并将它们与脯氨酸生物合成联系起来,脯氨酸生物合成是大分子合成、氧化还原平衡和 ECM 重塑的重要代谢途径。ECM加强通过整联蛋白信号,这抑制dynamin上相关蛋白1(DRP1)表达和线粒体裂变,导致增加的kindlin-2易位至线粒体,并用Δ相互作用促进PINCH-1的表达1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) 还原酶 1 (PYCR1)。Kindlin-2 与 PYCR1 的相互作用保护后者免受蛋白水解降解,导致 PYCR1 水平升高。此外,PINCH-1 促进 P5C 合酶 (P5CS) 表达和 P5C 合成,这与增加的 PYCR1 水平一起支持增强的脯氨酸生物合成。该信号通路在纤维化和癌症中经常被激活,导致脯氨酸生物合成增加和胶原基质产生过多,进而进一步促进 ECM 硬化。因此,靶向该信号通路可能为缓解纤维化和癌症进展提供有效的策略。
更新日期:2021-08-27
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