Microwave spectro-polarimetry of matter and radiation across space and time,Experimental Astronomy

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Microwave spectro-polarimetry of matter and radiation across space and time
Experimental Astronomy ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s10686-021-09721-z
Jacques Delabrouille _{1,

2} , James G. Bartlett _{1,

3} , Jean-Baptiste Melin ₂ , Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille ₂ , Vincent Revéret ₂ , Louis Rodriguez ₂ , Maximilian H. Abitbol ₄ , David Alonso _{4,

5} , Nabila Aghanim ₆ , Bruno Maffei ₆ , Yacine Ali-Haïmoud ₇ , Mattia Negrello ₅ , Marcelo Alvarez _{8,

9} , Simone Ferraro _{8,

9} , Anthony J. Banday ₁₀ , Jochem Baselmans _{11,

12} , Akira Endo _{11,

13} , Kenichi Karatsu _{11,

12} , Kaustuv Basu ₁₄ , Jens Erler ₁₄ , Nicholas Battaglia ₁₅ , José Ramón Bermejo Climent ₁₆ , Fabio Finelli ₁₆ , Daniela Paoletti ₁₆ , José L. Bernal ₁₇ , Matthieu Béthermin ₁₈ , Guilaine Lagache ₁₈ , Boris Bolliet ₁₉ , Jens Chluba ₁₉ , Eleonora Di Valentino ₁₉ , Luke Hart ₁₉ , Andrea Ravenni ₁₉ , Mathieu Remazeilles ₁₉ , Aditya Rotti ₁₉ , Matteo Bonato _{20,

21} , Carlo Burigana ₂₀ , Tiziana Trombetti ₂₀ , Gianfranco De Zotti ₂₁ , François R. Bouchet ₂₂ , Suvodip Mukherjee ₂₂ , Patrick C. Breysse ₂₃ , Zhen-Yi Cai _{24,

25} , Eugene Churazov _{26,

27} , Ildar Khabibullin _{26,

27} , Rashid Sunyaev _{26,

27,

28} , Helmut Dannerbauer ₂₉ , Jose-Alberto Rubiño Martin _{29,

30} , Paolo De Bernardis _{31,

32} , Silvia Masi _{31,

32} , Francesco Piacentini _{31,

32} , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni ₃₃ , Dale Fixsen ₃₄ , Shaul Hanany ₃₅ , Carlos Hernández-Monteagudo ₃₆ , J. Colin Hill _{28,

37} , Selim C. Hotinli ₃₈ , Kirit Karkare ₃₉ , Garrett K. Keating ₄₀ , Alan Kogut ₄₁ , John Mather ₄₁ , Eric R. Switzer ₄₁ , Kazunori Kohri _{42,

43} , Ely D. Kovetz ₄₄ , Julien Lesgourgues ₄₅ , Mathew Madhavacheril ₄₆ , Nazzareno Mandolesi _{47,

48} , Carlos Martins _{49,

50} , Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah _{51,

52} , Tony Mroczkowski ₅₃ , Daisuke Nagai ₅₄ , Subodh P. Patil ₅₅ , Srinivasan Raghunathan ₅₆ , Jack Sayers ₅₇ , Douglas Scott ₅₈ , Joseph Silk _{59,

60} , Marta Silva ₆₁ , Tarun Souradeep ₆₂ , Naonori Sugiyama ₆₃ , Andrea Tartari ₆₄ , Íñigo Zubeldia _{65,

66}

Affiliation

Laboratoire Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris Diderot, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK
School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS), CNRS (UMR8617), Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 121, 91405, Orsay, France
Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
IRAP, 9, av du Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands
SRON, Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121, Bonn, Germany
Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
ICC, University of Barcelona, IEEC-UB, Martí i Franques 1, E08028, Barcelona, Spain
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
JBCA, Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
INAF - Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014, Paris, France
Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H8, Canada
CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Department of Astronomy, USTC, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
School of Astronomy and Space Science, USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741, Garching, Germany
Space Research Institute (IKI), Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997, Russia
Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C/ Vía Láctea, 39020, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
INFN sezione di Roma, P.le A. Moro 2, 00815, Roma, Italy
School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742-2421, USA
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota/Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA), Plaza San Juan, 1, planta 2, E-44001, Teruel, Spain
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA
Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
NASA/GSFC, Mail Code: 665, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
KEK and Sokendai, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
Kavli IPMUUniversity of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582, Japan
Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Be’er Sheva, 84105, Israel
Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada
Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universit‘a degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
Department of Theoretical Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, Garching, 85748, Germany
Department of Physics & Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
Niels Bohr International Academy and Discovery Center, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 367-17, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, V6T 1Z1, Canada
Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3701 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
Department of Physics and Beecroft Institute for PAC, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O.B 1029 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
INFN Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK

This paper discusses the science case for a sensitive spectro-polarimetric survey of the microwave sky. Such a survey would provide a tomographic and dynamic census of the three-dimensional distribution of hot gas, velocity flows, early metals, dust, and mass distribution in the entire Hubble volume, exploit CMB temperature and polarisation anisotropies down to fundamental limits, and track energy injection and absorption into the radiation background across cosmic times by measuring spectral distortions of the CMB blackbody emission. In addition to its exceptional capability for cosmology and fundamental physics, such a survey would provide an unprecedented view of microwave emissions at sub-arcminute to few-arcminute angular resolution in hundreds of frequency channels, a data set that would be of immense legacy value for many branches of astrophysics. We propose that this survey be carried out with a large space mission featuring a broad-band polarised imager and a moderate resolution spectro-imager at the focus of a 3.5 m aperture telescope actively cooled to about 8K, complemented with absolutely-calibrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer modules observing at degree-scale angular resolution in the 10–2000 GHz frequency range. We propose two observing modes: a survey mode to map the entire sky as well as a few selected wide fields, and an observatory mode for deeper observations of regions of specific interest.

中文翻译：

跨越空间和时间的物质和辐射的微波光谱偏振测量

本文讨论了对微波天空进行灵敏的光谱偏振测量的科学案例。这样的调查将提供整个哈勃体积中热气、速度流、早期金属、尘埃和质量分布的三维分布的断层扫描和动态普查，利用 CMB 温度和极化各向异性下降到基本极限，并跟踪通过测量 CMB 黑体发射的光谱失真，将能量注入和吸收到整个宇宙时代的辐射背景中。除了其在宇宙学和基础物理学方面的卓越能力之外，这样的调查还将提供前所未有的微波发射视图，在数百个频道中以亚弧分到几弧分角分辨率，一个对天体物理学的许多分支都具有巨大遗产价值的数据集。我们建议通过大型太空任务进行这项调查，该任务的特点是在 3.5 m 孔径望远镜的焦点处有一个宽带偏振成像仪和一个中等分辨率的光谱成像仪，该望远镜主动冷却至约 8K，并辅以绝对校准的傅立叶变换光谱仪在 10-2000 GHz 频率范围内以度尺度角分辨率进行观测的模块。我们提出了两种观测模式：一种用于绘制整个天空以及一些选定的广阔视野的测量模式，以及一种用于对特定感兴趣区域进行更深入观测的观测模式。5 m 孔径望远镜主动冷却至约 8K，辅以绝对校准的傅立叶变换光谱仪模块，在 10-2000 GHz 频率范围内以度尺度角分辨率进行观测。我们提出了两种观测模式：一种用于绘制整个天空以及一些选定的广阔视野的测量模式，以及一种用于对特定感兴趣区域进行更深入观测的观测模式。5 m 孔径望远镜主动冷却至约 8K，辅以绝对校准的傅立叶变换光谱仪模块，在 10-2000 GHz 频率范围内以度尺度角分辨率进行观测。我们提出了两种观测模式：一种用于绘制整个天空以及一些选定的广阔视野的测量模式，以及一种用于对特定感兴趣区域进行更深入观测的观测模式。

更新日期：2021-07-04

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