Phytochemical profiles of essential oil ( EO ), fatty acids, and n -hexane (CAH), diethyl ether (CAD), ethyl acetate (CAE) and methanol extracts (CAM) of Cota altissima L. J. Gay (syn. Anthemis altissima L.) were investigated as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activites. The essential oil was characterized by the content of acetophenone (35.8%) and β -caryophyllene (10.3%) by GC-MS/FID. Linoleic and oleic acid were found as main fatty acids. The major constituents of the extracts were found to be 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isorhamnetin glucoside, quercetin and quercetin glucoside by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Also, the inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and α -glucosidase enzymes were determined. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast pathogens. CAM showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC 50 values of 126.60 and 144.40 μg/mL, respectively. In the anti-inflammatory activity, CAE demonstrated the highest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC 50 value of 105.40 μg/mL, whereas, CAD s howed the best inhibition of α -glucosidase with an IC 50 value of 396.40 μg/mL in the antidiabetic activity. CAH was effective against Staphylococcus aureus at MIC = 312.5 µg/mL. This is the first report on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of C. altissima .

中文翻译：

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Cota altissima (L.) J. Gay 的植物化学成分和抗氧化、抗炎、抗糖尿病和抗菌活性的评估

Cota altissima LJ Gay (syn. Anthemis altissima L.) 的精油 (EO)、脂肪酸和正己烷 (CAH)、乙醚 (CAD)、乙酸乙酯 (CAE) 和甲醇提取物 (CAM) 的植物化学特征以及它们的抗氧化、抗炎、抗糖尿病和抗菌活性。通过GC-MS/FID对精油的苯乙酮(35.8%)和β-石竹烯(10.3%)的含量进行表征。亚油酸和油酸被发现是主要的脂肪酸。通过LC-MS/MS发现提取物的主要成分是5-咖啡酰奎宁酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、异鼠李素葡萄糖苷、槲皮素和槲皮素葡萄糖苷。提取物的抗氧化活性通过清除 DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基来确定。此外，还测定了对脂肪氧化酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。针对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和酵母病原体评估了抗菌活性。CAM 对 DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基显示出最高的抗氧化活性，IC 50 值分别为 126.60 和 144.40 μg/mL。在抗炎活性方面，CAE表现出最高的抗脂肪氧化酶活性，IC 50 值为105.40 μg/mL，而CAD对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用最好，IC 50 值为396.40 μg/mL。 . CAH 在 MIC = 312.5 µg/mL 时对金黄色葡萄球菌有效。这是关于不同提取物 C. altissima 的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性的首次报告。CAM 对 DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基显示出最高的抗氧化活性，IC 50 值分别为 126.60 和 144.40 μg/mL。在抗炎活性方面，CAE表现出最高的抗脂肪氧化酶活性，IC 50 值为105.40 μg/mL，而CAD对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用最好，IC 50 值为396.40 μg/mL。 . CAH 在 MIC = 312.5 µg/mL 时对金黄色葡萄球菌有效。这是关于不同提取物 C. altissima 的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性的首次报告。CAM 对 DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基显示出最高的抗氧化活性，IC 50 值分别为 126.60 和 144.40 μg/mL。在抗炎活性方面，CAE表现出最高的抗脂肪氧化酶活性，IC 50 值为105.40 μg/mL，而CAD对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用最好，IC 50 值为396.40 μg/mL。 . CAH 在 MIC = 312.5 µg/mL 时对金黄色葡萄球菌有效。这是关于不同提取物 C. altissima 的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性的首次报告。CAD在抗糖尿病活性中表现出最佳的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，IC 50 值为396.40 μg/mL。CAH 在 MIC = 312.5 µg/mL 时对金黄色葡萄球菌有效。这是关于不同提取物 C. altissima 的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性的首次报告。CAD在抗糖尿病活性中表现出最佳的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，IC 50 值为396.40 μg/mL。CAH 在 MIC = 312.5 µg/mL 时对金黄色葡萄球菌有效。这是关于不同提取物 C. altissima 的抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性的首次报告。