Abstract

This paper unpacks the environmental justice concerns of rural migrants in relation to land tenure and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes. We explore the “geography of recognition”, whereby sense of community, identity and place interact to produce unequal experiences of recognitional justice in relation to the EIA process. We develop our argument by using qualitative research and a village case study in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, involving transmigrant communities and indigenous Kutai people. This study highlights how a failure to recognize transmigrants’ identity creates barriers to their meaningful participation in the EIA. Structural flaws in the decentralized land-use system mean a failure to address the contested claims for recognition and land rights between transmigrant and indigenous communities, which in turn fuels social and environmental conflict. Resolving land tenure conflicts requires the empowerment of socially marginalized groups in the decision-making over land-use projects affecting them.

摘要

本文揭示了农民工在土地使用权和环境影响评估 (EIA) 过程中的环境正义问题。我们探索“认可的地理”，社区感、身份感和地方感在其中相互作用，以产生与 EIA 过程相关的认可正义的不平等体验。我们通过定性研究和印度尼西亚东加里曼丹的村庄案例研究来发展我们的论点，涉及跨移民社区和土著库泰人。这项研究强调了未能识别移民身份如何为他们有意义地参与 EIA 造成障碍。权力下放的土地使用系统的结构缺陷意味着无法解决跨移民社区和土著社区之间对承认和土地权利的有争议的要求，这反过来又会加剧社会和环境冲突。解决土地使用权冲突需要在影响他们的土地使用项目的决策过程中赋予社会边缘群体权力。