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Flow analysis of Carreau fluid model induced by the ciliary cells, smooth muscle cells and pressure gradient at the ampullar region entrance
Theory in Biosciences ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s12064-021-00352-8
H Ashraf 1, 2 , A M Siddiqui 3 , M A Rana 2
Affiliation  

This theoretical analysis considers a biomechanical model in which the Carreau fluid model characterizes the viscoelastic nature of growing human embryo and secreted fluid. This model incorporates transport mechanisms that involve the swaying motions of ciliary cells, peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle cells and pressure gradient at the ampullar region entrance. Series form solutions of the resulting partial differential equations are obtained using the regular perturbation method. A theoretical estimate of effects of the condition of pressure gradient, geometric parameters and fluid model parameters on the flow variables that have relevance to the problem of growing embryo transport in the human fallopian tube is presented through the discussion of graphs. Furthermore, an analogy between the linearly viscous fluid, and the shear thinning and shear thickening characteristics of the Carreau fluid model is also presented. The pertinence of the obtained results with growing embryo transport in the human fallopian tube revealed that when shear thickening characteristics of the Carreau fluid model are considered then complete mitotic divisions take place properly with an estimated appropriate residue time about 3–4 days. Smaller size trapped boluses of the secreted fluid make the smooth forwarding of the growing embryo in the human fallopian tube when shear thinning characteristics of the Carreau fluid model are taken into account. Key modulators: progesterone (\(P_{4})\) and estradiol (\(E_{2}\)), prostaglandin \(E_{2}\) (\(PGE_{2}\)) and prostaglandin \(F_{2\alpha }\) (\(PGF_{2\alpha }\)) constraint the growing embryo transport.



中文翻译:

睫状细胞、平滑肌细胞和壶腹区入口压力梯度诱导的 Carreau 流体模型的流动分析

该理论分析考虑了一种生物力学模型,其中 Carreau 流体模型表征了人类胚胎和分泌液的粘弹性特性。该模型结合了涉及睫状细胞的摇摆运动、平滑肌细胞的蠕动收缩和壶腹区域入口处的压力梯度的运输机制。所得偏微分方程的级数形式解是使用正则微扰方法获得的。通过对图形的讨论,提出了压力梯度条件、几何参数和流体模型参数对与人类输卵管中胚胎运输问题相关的流动变量影响的理论估计。此外,线性粘性流体之间的类比,并给出了Carreau流体模型的剪切稀化和剪切稠化特性。获得的结果与人类输卵管中胚胎运输的相关性表明,当考虑 Carreau 流体模型的剪切增厚特征时,完整的有丝分裂发生正确,估计适当的残留时间约为 3-4 天。当 Carreau 流体模型的剪切变稀特性被考虑在内时,分泌液的较小尺寸的截留团使人类输卵管中正在生长的胚胎顺利向前推进。关键调节剂:孕酮(获得的结果与人类输卵管中胚胎运输的相关性表明,当考虑 Carreau 流体模型的剪切增厚特征时,完整的有丝分裂发生正确,估计适当的残留时间约为 3-4 天。当 Carreau 流体模型的剪切变稀特性被考虑在内时,分泌液的较小尺寸的截留团使人类输卵管中正在生长的胚胎顺利向前推进。关键调节剂:孕酮(获得的结果与人类输卵管中胚胎运输的相关性表明,当考虑 Carreau 流体模型的剪切增厚特征时,完整的有丝分裂发生正确,估计适当的残留时间约为 3-4 天。当 Carreau 流体模型的剪切变稀特性被考虑在内时,分泌液的较小尺寸的截留团使人类输卵管中正在生长的胚胎顺利向前推进。关键调节剂:孕酮(当 Carreau 流体模型的剪切变稀特性被考虑在内时,分泌液的较小尺寸的截留团使人类输卵管中正在生长的胚胎顺利向前推进。关键调节剂:孕酮(当 Carreau 流体模型的剪切变稀特性被考虑在内时,分泌液的较小尺寸的截留团使人类输卵管中正在生长的胚胎顺利向前推进。关键调节剂:孕酮(\(P_{4})\)和雌二醇 ( \(E_{2}\) )、前列腺素\(E_{2}\) ( \(PGE_{2}\) ) 和前列腺素\(F_{2\alpha }\) ( \(PGF_{2\alpha }\) ) 约束生长中的胚胎运输。

更新日期:2021-07-04
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