Coconut shell is a bio-waste, and its availability is high to waste in the coastal region of Karnataka, India. The present study focused on using coconut shell biochar modified with ferric chloride to enhance the sludge dewaterability, and it is evaluated experimentally (Capillary suction time, moisture content, settleability, zeta potential, heavy metals, and phosphate). Further, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction characterization were carried out to identify the structure's change. A significant reduction in capillary suction time (56 s) and the moisture content (96.5%) of the dewatered sludge cake was obtained. Sludge dewatering using coconut shell biochar modified with ferric chloride was optimized by a Box Behnken method with three main factors including dosage, rapid mixing time, and slow mixing time. Optimum capillary suction time (55.6 s) was achieved at coconut shell biochar modified with ferric chloride dosage (41% dry solids), rapid mixing time (10 min), and slow mixing time (19 min). The significant structural change in sludge particles was confirmed through characterization studies. During the dewatering process, the removal of heavy metal (cadmium, chromium, lead, and nickel) and phosphate (50.6%) was evident. Hence attempt of coconut shell biochar modified with ferric chloride as a skeleton material is an economical and promising option for sludge dewatering.

椰子壳是一种生物废物，在印度卡纳塔克邦的沿海地区，它的可用性很高。本研究的重点是使用氯化铁改性的椰壳生物炭来提高污泥的脱水能力，并对其进行了实验评估（毛细管抽吸时间、水分含量、沉降性、zeta 电位、重金属和磷酸盐）。此外，还进行了扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和 X 射线衍射表征以识别结构的变化。获得了显着减少的毛细管抽吸时间（56 秒）和脱水污泥饼的水分含量（96.5%）。采用Box Behnken法优化氯化铁改性椰壳生物炭污泥脱水效果，主要考虑三个因素，包括用量、混合时间快，混合时间慢。在用氯化铁剂量（41% 干固体）、快速混合时间（10 分钟）和慢速混合时间（19 分钟）改性的椰子壳生物炭上实现了最佳毛细管抽吸时间（55.6 秒）。通过表征研究证实了污泥颗粒的显着结构变化。在脱水过程中，重金属（镉、铬、铅和镍）和磷酸盐（50.6%）的去除效果明显。因此，尝试用氯化铁作为骨架材料改性的椰壳生物炭是污泥脱水的一种经济且有前景的选择。通过表征研究证实了污泥颗粒的显着结构变化。在脱水过程中，重金属（镉、铬、铅和镍）和磷酸盐（50.6%）的去除效果明显。因此，尝试用氯化铁作为骨架材料改性的椰壳生物炭是污泥脱水的一种经济且有前景的选择。通过表征研究证实了污泥颗粒的显着结构变化。在脱水过程中，重金属（镉、铬、铅和镍）和磷酸盐（50.6%）的去除效果明显。因此，尝试用氯化铁作为骨架材料改性的椰壳生物炭是污泥脱水的一种经济且有前景的选择。