The Delphi Technique is a group judgement method which is typically used to reach agreement from a group of people with expertise in a particular area. It is an iterative process where panel members complete questionnaires over several rounds, often rating their agreement/disagreement against a statement, with changes made in later rounds based on the feedback received. It has been used widely in pharmacy-related studies relevant to education, research and practice. This paper provides a critical analysis of the various design choices which researchers may consider when planning a Delphi namely the panel of participants, the use of the Likert scale, the effect of feedback, what constitutes consensus and the number of rounds. It also gives an overview of the development and origins of the Delphi, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the technique. Advantages include that the Delphi can be conducted with panel members in different geographical locations in their own time, however the technique can therefore take longer to conduct and lacks face-to-face discussion. Patient experts may be less comfortable participating in a relatively complex survey, however the anonymous nature of the process can be more inclusive in allowing participants to feedback candidly. This paper shows the importance of careful planning of the design choices to ensure the reliability and validity of the Delphi.

Delphi 技术是一种群体判断方法，通常用于与在特定领域具有专业知识的一群人达成一致意见。这是一个迭代过程，小组成员在几轮中完成问卷调查，通常根据声明对他们的同意/不同意进行评级，并根据收到的反馈在后续轮次中进行更改。它已广泛用于与教育、研究和实践相关的药学相关研究。本文对研究人员在规划 Delphi 时可能考虑的各种设计选择进行了批判性分析，即参与者小组、李克特量表的使用、反馈的影响、共识的构成和轮数。它还概述了 Delphi 的发展和起源，并讨论了该技术的优缺点。优点包括 Delphi 可以在不同地理位置的小组成员在他们自己的时间进行，但是该技术因此需要更长的时间来进行并且缺乏面对面的讨论。患者专家可能不太愿意参与一项相对复杂的调查，但该过程的匿名性质可能更具包容性，允许参与者坦诚地反馈。本文展示了仔细规划设计选择以确保 Delphi 的可靠性和有效性的重要性。患者专家可能不太愿意参与一项相对复杂的调查，但该过程的匿名性质可能更具包容性，允许参与者坦诚地反馈。本文展示了仔细规划设计选择以确保 Delphi 的可靠性和有效性的重要性。患者专家可能不太愿意参与一项相对复杂的调查，但该过程的匿名性质可能更具包容性，允许参与者坦诚地反馈。本文展示了仔细规划设计选择以确保 Delphi 的可靠性和有效性的重要性。