Multi-longitudinal-mode high-spectral-resolution lidar selects an optical interferometer with the periodic transmittance function as the spectral discriminator to separate aerosol Mie scattering signals and molecular Rayleigh scattering signals excited by the multi-longitudinal-mode pulsed lasers, such as Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Michelson interferometer, Fabry-Perot etalon and so on. In this paper, we deduce a novel algorithm for retrieving aerosol backscattering coefficient, optical depth, and aerosol extinction coefficient in the application of the multi-longitudinal-mode high-spectral-resolution lidar, in which the lidar returns should be considered as a quasi-monochromatic light. Under such a condition, the effective transmittance of Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a function of the complex degree of coherence, which plays an important role in the retrieval algorithms of aerosol optical properties. The system simulation results using an experimental lidar data verify the presented retrieval algorithms of aerosol backscattering coefficient, optical depth and aerosol extinction coefficient. Meanwhile, the absolute errors of the measurements of aerosol backscattering coefficient and optical depth are analyzed from the systematic errors and random errors. The simulation results show that the presence of aerosol layers or cloud layer deteriorates considerably the accuracy of the retrieved aerosol backscattering coefficient and optical depth, and the total absolute error of aerosol backscattering coefficient is ignored, as well as the total absolute error of optical depth can be controlled within 0.4 in the majority of the lidar data when the relative error of δ is within 20%.

多纵模高光谱分辨率激光雷达选择具有周期透射函数的光学干涉仪作为光谱鉴别器，将多纵模脉冲激光器如马赫-曾德干涉仪、迈克尔逊干涉仪、法布里-珀罗标准具等。本文在多纵模高光谱分辨率激光雷达的应用中，推导了一种反演气溶胶后向散射系数、光学深度和气溶胶消光系数的新算法，其中将激光雷达回波视为准-单色光。在这种情况下，Mach-Zehnder 干涉仪的有效透射率是复相干度的函数，这在气溶胶光学特性的反演算法中起着重要作用。使用实验激光雷达数据的系统仿真结果验证了所提出的气溶胶反向散射系数、光学深度和气溶胶消光系数的反演算法。同时，从系统误差和随机误差两个方面分析了气溶胶后向散射系数和光学深度测量的绝对误差。模拟结果表明，气溶胶层或云层的存在显着降低了反演气溶胶后向散射系数和光学深度的精度，忽略了气溶胶后向散射系数的总绝对误差，光学深度的总绝对误差可以忽略不计。控制在0以内。δ在 20% 以内。