当前位置: X-MOL 学术Neuropsychologia › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Visual prediction cues can facilitate behavioural and neural speech processing in young and older adults
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107949
Pascale Tremblay 1 , Anahita Basirat 2 , Serge Pinto 3 , Marc Sato 3
Affiliation  

The ability to process speech evolves over the course of the lifespan. Understanding speech at low acoustic intensity and in the presence of background noise becomes harder, and the ability for older adults to benefit from audiovisual speech also appears to decline. These difficulties can have important consequences on quality of life. Yet, a consensus on the cause of these difficulties is still lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the processing of speech in young and older adults under different modalities (i.e. auditory [A], visual [V], audiovisual [AV]) and in the presence of different visual prediction cues (i.e., no predictive cue (control), temporal predictive cue, phonetic predictive cue, and combined temporal and phonetic predictive cues). We focused on recognition accuracy and four auditory evoked potential (AEP) components: P1–N1–P2 and N2. Thirty-four right-handed French-speaking adults were recruited, including 17 younger adults (28 ± 2 years; 20–42 years) and 17 older adults (67 ± 3.77 years; 60–73 years). Participants completed a forced-choice speech identification task. The main findings of the study are: (1) The faciliatory effect of visual information was reduced, but present, in older compared to younger adults, (2) visual predictive cues facilitated speech recognition in younger and older adults alike, (3) age differences in AEPs were localized to later components (P2 and N2), suggesting that aging predominantly affects higher-order cortical processes related to speech processing rather than lower-level auditory processes. (4) Specifically, AV facilitation on P2 amplitude was lower in older adults, there was a reduced effect of the temporal predictive cue on N2 amplitude for older compared to younger adults, and P2 and N2 latencies were longer for older adults. Finally (5) behavioural performance was associated with P2 amplitude in older adults. Our results indicate that aging affects speech processing at multiple levels, including audiovisual integration (P2) and auditory attentional processes (N2). These findings have important implications for understanding barriers to communication in older ages, as well as for the development of compensation strategies for those with speech processing difficulties.



中文翻译:

视觉预测线索可以促进年轻人和老年人的行为和神经语音处理

处理语音的能力在整个生命周期中不断发展。在低声强度和存在背景噪音的情况下理解语音变得更加困难,老年人从视听语音中受益的能力似乎也在下降。这些困难会对生活质量产生重要影响。然而,对于这些困难的原因,仍然缺乏共识。本研究的目的是检查年轻人和老年人在不同方式(即听觉 [A]、视觉 [V]、视听 [AV])和存在不同视觉预测线索(即,无预测线索(控制)、时间预测线索、语音预测线索和组合的时间和语音预测线索)。我们专注于识别准确性和四个听觉诱发电位 (AEP) 组件:P1–N1–P2 和 N2。招募了 34 名右手操法语的成年人,包括 17 名年轻人(28 ± 2 岁;20-42 岁)和 17 名老年人(67 ± 3.77 岁;60-73 岁)。参与者完成了一项强制选择的语音识别任务。该研究的主要发现是:(1) 视觉信息的促进作用减弱,但存在于老年人中,与年轻人相比,(2) 视觉预测线索促进了年轻人和老年人的语音识别,(3) 年龄AEPs 的差异被定位到较晚的组件(P2 和 N2),这表明衰老主要影响与语音处理相关的高阶皮质过程,而不是低级皮质过程 招募了 34 名右手操法语的成年人,包括 17 名年轻人(28 ± 2 岁;20-42 岁)和 17 名老年人(67 ± 3.77 岁;60-73 岁)。参与者完成了一项强制选择的语音识别任务。该研究的主要发现是:(1) 视觉信息的促进作用减弱,但存在于老年人中,与年轻人相比,(2) 视觉预测线索促进了年轻人和老年人的语音识别,(3) 年龄AEPs 的差异被定位到较晚的组件(P2 和 N2),这表明衰老主要影响与语音处理相关的高阶皮质过程,而不是低级皮质过程 招募了 34 名右手操法语的成年人,包括 17 名年轻人(28 ± 2 岁;20-42 岁)和 17 名老年人(67 ± 3.77 岁;60-73 岁)。参与者完成了一项强制选择的语音识别任务。该研究的主要发现是:(1) 视觉信息的促进作用减弱,但存在于老年人中,与年轻人相比,(2) 视觉预测线索促进了年轻人和老年人的语音识别,(3) 年龄AEPs 的差异被定位到较晚的组件(P2 和 N2),这表明衰老主要影响与语音处理相关的高阶皮质过程,而不是低级皮质过程 参与者完成了一项强制选择的语音识别任务。该研究的主要发现是:(1) 视觉信息的促进作用减弱,但存在于老年人中,与年轻人相比,(2) 视觉预测线索促进了年轻人和老年人的语音识别,(3) 年龄AEPs 的差异被定位到较晚的组件(P2 和 N2),这表明衰老主要影响与语音处理相关的高阶皮质过程,而不是低级皮质过程 参与者完成了一项强制选择的语音识别任务。该研究的主要发现是:(1) 视觉信息的促进作用减弱,但存在于老年人中,与年轻人相比,(2) 视觉预测线索促进了年轻人和老年人的语音识别,(3) 年龄AEPs 的差异被定位到较晚的组件(P2 和 N2),这表明衰老主要影响与语音处理相关的高阶皮质过程,而不是低级皮质过程听觉过程。(4) 具体而言,老年人的 AV 对 P2 幅度的促进较低,与年轻人相比,老年人的时间预测线索对 N2 幅度的影响较小,老年人的 P2 和 N2 潜伏期更长。最后 (5) 行为表现与老年人的 P2 振幅相关。我们的结果表明,衰老会在多个层面影响语音处理,包括视听整合 (P2) 和听觉注意过程 (N2)。这些发现对于理解老年人沟通障碍以及为有言语处理困难的人制定补偿策略具有重要意义。

更新日期:2021-07-12
down
wechat
bug