Trans-cloud applications consist of multiple interacting components deployed across different cloud providers and at different service layers (IaaS and PaaS). In such complex deployment scenarios, fault handling and recovery need to deal with heterogeneous cloud offerings and to take into account inter-component dependencies. We propose a methodology for self-healing trans-cloud applications from failures occurring in application components or in the cloud services hosting them, both during deployment and while they are being operated. The proposed methodology enables reducing the time application components rely on faulted services, hence residing in “unstable” states where they can suddenly fail in cascade or exhibit erroneous behaviour. We also present an open-source prototype illustrating the feasibility of our proposal, which we have exploited to carry out an extensive evaluation based on controlled experiments and monkey testing.

跨云应用程序由部署在不同云提供商和不同服务层（IaaS 和 PaaS）的多个交互组件组成。在如此复杂的部署场景中，故障处理和恢复需​​要处理异构云产品并考虑组件间的依赖关系。我们提出了一种自我修复跨云应用程序的方法，用于在部署期间和运行期间从应用程序组件或托管它们的云服务中发生的故障中进行自我修复。所提出的方法能够减少应用程序组件依赖故障服务的时间，因此它们处于“不稳定”状态，在这种状态下它们可能会突然发生级联故障或表现出错误行为。我们还展示了一个开源原型，说明了我们提案的可行性，